Nelson County, ND Environment & Hazard Risk
Very Low natural hazard risk, led by hail. 668 storm events since 1996.
- Expected yearly loss
- $3M
- Very Low nationally
- Storm events since 1996
- 668
- Most often hail
- Hurricanes nearby
- 0
- Since 1851
Natural hazard risk
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025
Overall risk
Very Low
Score 7.9 of 100
Social vulnerability
Very High
Score 82.3 of 100
Community resilience
Relatively Moderate
Score 53.6 of 100
Community resilience runs the other way: a higher rating means a community can recover faster.
Building value exposed: $1.2B · Agriculture value exposed: $156M · Risk-adjusted yearly loss: $4.3M
Risk by hazard
- HailRelatively Moderate$676K/yr expected annual loss, about 3.7 events a year
- Ice stormRelatively Moderate$283K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 1 year
- Winter weatherRelatively Moderate$116K/yr expected annual loss, about 22 events a year
- WildfireRelatively Low$106K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 877 years
- Cold waveRelatively Low$908K/yr expected annual loss, about 23 events a year
- LandslideVery Low$256/yr expected annual loss, about once every 10 years
- Strong windRelatively Low$203K/yr expected annual loss, about 2.1 events a year
- DroughtVery Low$12.3K/yr expected annual loss, about 10.0 events a year
- TornadoVery Low$193K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 1 year
- Heat waveVery Low$8,712/yr expected annual loss, about 1.0 events a year
- LightningVery Low$11.8K/yr expected annual loss, about 27 events a year
- EarthquakeVery Low$1,156/yr expected annual loss, about once every 11,364 years
Bars show the national percentile score (0 to 100) for each hazard. Dollar figures are expected annual losses to buildings, people and crops. Not rated here: avalanche, coastal flooding, hurricane, riverine flooding, tsunami, volcanic activity.
Flood risk and insurance
National Flood Insurance Program and FEMA flood maps
Check the flood zone for an address
- Homes in high-risk flood zones
- 1
- Flood claims since 1978
- 52
- Claims paid since 1978
- $1M
Flood claims paid per year
- Late spring storms$9,240 · 2 claims
- Flooding$8,537 · 3 claims
Storm history
Since 1996: 668 events, 0 deaths, $56.2M in damage
- Hail159
- Thunderstorm Wind118
- Blizzard69
- Extreme Cold/Wind Chill62
- Winter Storm48
- Flood44
- High Wind32
- Heavy Snow31
- Tornado31
- Cold/Wind Chill20
Events per year
41 tornadoes on record (EF0 13, EF1 5, EF3 1, F0 18, F1 3, F3 1).
Most damaging storms
Since 1996, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage
- Flash Flood06/13/2000
Petersburg, Nelson County
$14M damage
What happened
After 10 to 15 inches of rain fell across portions of east central Nelson county, flash flooding occurred. Part of the road shoulder washed out at the US Highway 2 overpass near Petersburg, reducing the traffic to one lane. Several farmsteads were surrounded by water. 45 percent of the cropland in Nelson county was destroyed.
- Hail2.75" hail06/28/1997
Michigan, Nelson County
$10M damage
What happened
Most of the 190 homes in Michigan suffered roof damage and broken windows. Many vehicles were also dented. The two implement dealers in Michigan suffered extensive damage to their inventories.
- Blizzard04/05/1997
Nelson
$6M damage
What happened
With falling temperatures on the back side of the low, the freezing rain turned to ice pellets and then to snow. A strong pressure gradient created winds up to 65 mph, dropping visibilities down to zero. The strong wind, on top of heavy ice accumulations, caused thousands of power poles to snap. This cut power to over 100,000 people in eastern North Dakota and northwest Minnesota and resulted in $30 million in damages just to the power infrastructure. A 2,060 foot television tower collapsed near Galesburg on April 5th. With power cut, many people had to seek shelters with generator power in order to keep warm. Some smaller communities were without power for more than a week. Most television and radio stations were knocked off the air, causing one Fargo radio station to become the only source of storm news for the area. In Grand Forks, 3 inches of ice pellets fell, and as the wind increased, one foot drifts of ice pellets were created. Snowfall totals on the 6th ranged around 7 inches. Interstates 29 and 94 were both closed in North Dakota, along with US Highway 2 from Lakota to Grand Forks. A 33 year-old Lankin man died from exposure, after walking away from his...
- Ice Storm04/04/1997
Nelson
$6M damage
What happened
An intense low pressure system, with center pressures around 28.8 inches, tracked from Fergus Falls to International Falls, Minnesota. The initial rain was accompanied by lightning and thunder in southern Grand Forks county, and then changed to freezing rain as the temperature dropped. One-half to 2 inches of ice built up on exposed surfaces. Hundreds of power poles and lines snapped due to the weight of the ice, cutting power to many homes and businesses, many of which were beginning to fight the spring flood. The wind reporting systems on the AWOS and ASOS sites across eastern North Dakota froze in place, remaining out for 7 days. The three inches of liquid equivalent from the storm fell on top of a record snowpack.
- Flash Flood09/21/2019
Mc Ville, Nelson County
$5.1M damage
What happened
Streets, low spots, rivers, and basements were flooded by 4 to 9 inches of rain over a short duration of time. Cars that got stuck in the flood waters were abandoned where they stalled. Farm fields and access roads were also flooded.
- Flash Flood09/21/2019
Aneta, Nelson County
$5.1M damage
What happened
Streets, low spots, rivers, and basements were flooded by 4 to 9 inches of rain over a short duration of time. Cars that got stuck in the flood waters were abandoned where they stalled. Farm fields and access roads were also flooded.
Drinking water
6 community water systems serve about 4,204 people. Violations since 2021.
None of the systems serving this county had a health-based violation in this period.
- Tri-County Water DistrictServes 2,501 · Groundwater · PrivateNo health violations
- Lakota City ofServes 672 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations+4 monitoring or reporting
- Mcville City ofServes 349 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations
- Michigan City ofServes 294 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations
- Aneta City ofServes 222 · Purchased groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations
- Tolna City ofServes 166 · Purchased groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations+10 monitoring or reporting
Largest systems by population served. Monitoring and reporting violations mean required tests or notices were late or missing, not that the water was unsafe.
Pollution sites
0 Superfund sites and 0 toxic release facilities in Nelson County
No Superfund sites or toxic release facilities in Nelson County in our data.
Superfund sitesToxic release facilitiesEPA inspections and enforcementAir toxics cancer risk3 historic places
Frequently asked questions
- How risky is Nelson County for natural disasters?
- FEMA rates Nelson County very low for overall natural hazard risk, with expected losses of $3M a year. The highest-rated hazards are hail (relatively moderate), ice storm (relatively moderate), winter weather (relatively moderate).
- What storms are most common in Nelson County?
- Since 1996, NOAA recorded 668 storm events affecting Nelson County, most often hail (159), thunderstorm wind (118), blizzard (69).
- How many tornadoes have hit Nelson County?
- 41 tornadoes have been recorded in Nelson County since 1950, including 2 rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
- What is the weather like in Nelson County?
- At Petersburg 2 N, average highs reach 79°F in Jul and lows fall to -4°F in Jan, with 20.2 inches of rain a year (1991-2020 normals).
Source: FEMA (National Risk Index, NFIP), NOAA (Storm Events, HURDAT2, Climate Normals), EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch the county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.