Sumner County, TN Environment & Hazard Risk
Relatively Moderate natural hazard risk, led by tornado. 809 storm events since 1996.
- Expected yearly loss
- $86.7M
- Relatively Moderate nationally
- Storm events since 1996
- 809
- Most often thunderstorm wind
- Flood insurance policies
- 598
- 0.9% of homes
- Hurricanes nearby
- 0
- 1 tropical storm or stronger since 1957
Natural hazard risk
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025
Overall risk
Relatively Moderate
Score 87.7 of 100
Social vulnerability
Very Low
Score 14.8 of 100
Community resilience
Relatively Moderate
Score 55.7 of 100
Community resilience runs the other way: a higher rating means a community can recover faster.
Building value exposed: $38.4B · Agriculture value exposed: $56.8M · Risk-adjusted yearly loss: $72.5M
Risk by hazard
- TornadoRelatively High$16.1M/yr expected annual loss, about once every 2 years
- Strong windRelatively High$3.3M/yr expected annual loss, about 6.2 events a year
- Cold waveRelatively High$10.7M/yr expected annual loss, about 1.2 events a year
- EarthquakeRelatively Moderate$8.8M/yr expected annual loss, about once every 316 years
- Winter weatherRelatively High$456K/yr expected annual loss, about 6.2 events a year
- Ice stormRelatively High$924K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 1 year
- HailRelatively Moderate$1.7M/yr expected annual loss, about 3.3 events a year
- LightningRelatively High$1M/yr expected annual loss, about 58 events a year
- Heat waveRelatively Low$1.4M/yr expected annual loss, about 4.6 events a year
- LandslideVery Low$1,179/yr expected annual loss, about once every 2 years
- DroughtRelatively Low$97K/yr expected annual loss, about 4.6 events a year
- WildfireVery Low$27.6K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 33,624 years
- HurricaneVery Low$22K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 131 years
Bars show the national percentile score (0 to 100) for each hazard. Dollar figures are expected annual losses to buildings, people and crops. Not rated here: avalanche, coastal flooding, riverine flooding, tsunami, volcanic activity.
Flood risk and insurance
National Flood Insurance Program and FEMA flood maps
Check the flood zone for an address
- Homes with flood insurance
- 598 of 65,282 (0.9%)
- Homes in high-risk flood zones
- 827
- Insured in high-risk zones
- 293 (35%)
- Flood claims since 1978
- 706
- Claims paid since 1978
- $14.4M
Flood claims paid per year
- Late spring storms$8.6M · 326 claims
- Flooding$59.8K · 4 claims
- Central U.S. April Flooding$51.5K · 3 claims
- Tennessee Flooding$554 · 1 claim
- Mid-spring storms$0 · 1 claim
Storm history
Since 1996: 809 events, 20 deaths, $120M in damage
- Thunderstorm Wind377
- Hail153
- Flash Flood78 · 1 death
- Winter Weather56
- Tornado28 · 15 deaths
- Drought26
- Winter Storm19
- Strong Wind15
- Lightning11
- Heavy Rain10
Events per year
45 tornadoes on record (EF0 14, EF1 5, EF2 1, EF3 1, F0 4, F1 8, F2 9, F3 2, F4 1).
Most damaging storms
Since 1996, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage
- TornadoF3, 18.2 mi path, 200 yd wide04/07/2006
Gallatin, Sumner County
7 deaths, 121 injured, $69M damage
What happened
This is where the tornado struck hit the hardest in Sumner County. It entered Hendersonville from Goodlettsville at 1312 CST, and struck Gallatin at 1325 CST. An aerial survey determined this tornado had a path length of 22.75 miles from Davidson County and into Sumner County. 7 people died directly as a result of the tornado. One woman, who was 83 years old, died of a heart attack the day the tornado swept through Gallatin, and is considered an indirect death due to the tornado causing her heart attack. All 7 fatalities happened in Gallatin. There was extensive damage to homes and businesses. 700 homes and businesses were damaged or destroyed in Sumner County. The City of Hendersonville had 80 homes destroyed, As a result, Hendersonville city officials are considering installing tornado sirens in the city.Volunteer State Community College in southwest Gallatin was heavily damaged as were several car dealerships across the road. Vol State reopend 10 days after the tornado struck on Monday, April 17. There were about 400 faculty, staff and students on campus at the time the tornado struck. that day. Ms. Angie Jowers, public relations director for the college, stated that having...
- TornadoEF3, 4.32 mi path, 880 yd wide02/06/2008
Castalian Spgs, Sumner County
8 deaths, 14 injured, $10M damage
What happened
The Castalian Springs Post Office was completely destroyed. There were 85 homes destroyed in Sumner County. ||Also in Castalian Springs, a 180 year-old structure called Wynnewood, lost the top of its structure due to the tornado. The historic log structure served as a stagecoach stop. The structure had 3 chimneys and was 142 feet long, making it the longest log structure in Tennessee.||Officials say it would take 2 years and $6 million to restore Wynnewood. It is Sumner County's sole historic landmark.||Also, 102 trees were lost in the area by the tornado.||The 11-month-old son of Kerri Stowell survived the storm and was found miraculously unharmed in a field across the street from their home in Castalian Springs. Unfortunately, Kerri Stowell was killed in the tornado. ||The tornado directly killed 7 people in Sumner County, and there was one indirect fatality when Mr. Lampkin, age 63, died of a heart attack while seeking shelter in his home. There were 14 people injured in Sumner County. ||This tornado continued into Trousdale and Macon Counties, and also into Kentucky.
- Freezing Fog12/01/2011
Sumner
2 deaths, 17 injured, $500K damage
What happened
Areas of freezing fog formed along northern portions of Old Hickory Lake during the morning hours of December 1. This freezing fog caused patches of ice to form on an eastbound curved overpass along Vietnam Veterans Highway at Saundersville Road in Hendersonville. Around 7 AM CST, a chain-reaction vehicular crash occurred involving 179 vehicles, including two school buses. One person was killed and another 17 others were injured. A second individual who did not receive medical attention at the scene died on December 2 from injuries received in the crash.
- High Wind50 kt wind03/03/2023
Sumner
2 deaths, 4 injured, $7M damage
What happened
The strongest wind gust measured in Sumner County was 58 mph at the Gallatin Airport. Several hours of severe non-thunderstorm winds resulted in numerous reports of damage, including downed and uprooted trees, downed powerlines, and roof and other property damage across all of Sumner County. Near Portland, a tree was downed on Ranch Road which knocked out power in the area. Unfortunately, two people were killed during this event in Sumner County. Near Green Hill, 81-year-old Joan Kay Tutor was walking home along Pleasantview Drive when a tree fell and killed her. In Gallatin, 15-year-old Aleya Brooks was critically injured when a tree fell on her in her driveway while she was cleaning up debris. She was rushed to the hospital, but suffered a traumatic brain injury and was pronounced brain dead. Four other injuries were reported across Sumner County. Damages are estimated.
- TornadoF2, 0.7 mi path, 220 yd wide05/06/1999
Gallatin, Sumner County
17 injured, $1M damage
What happened
The tornado touched down and struck the Rucker Stewart M.S. in the Gallatin city limits, continued northeast and hit the Greenwood Apartments and finally the Gallatin Post Office. The damage to the school and the post office was mainly roof damage. However, the Greenwood Apartments were the hardest hit. 40 families or 100 people were temporarily homeless. 3 apartment buildings were condemned. 17 people were treated at the Sumner Regional Medical Center and released. There were no serious injuries.
- TornadoEF2, 23.49 mi path, 400 yd wide12/10/2023
Rockland, Sumner County
1 injured, $10M damage
What happened
This strong EF-2 tornado touched down just to the east of I-24 on Brick Church Lane in Davidson County. There were a few trees down and shingle damage to several homes in this area. The tornado strengthened in the Madison area causing EF-2 damage with winds up to 120-125 mph. The heaviest damage was confined to two areas, off of East Campbell Road as well as Nesbitt Lane. Multiple mobile homes were destroyed on Nesbitt Lane, and this is where three fatalities occurred. Multiple single family homes and a church off of East Campbell Road were missing large sections of their roofs with some exterior walls collapsed. Several metal power poles in the area were bent as well. Nearby, an apartment complex off Palmer Avenue sustained damage. As the tornado moved further northeast, substantial damage was found to houses in a cul-de-sac on Stoney River Lane. Two buildings were toppled and several others damaged in an industrial complex off of Myatt Drive. The tornado then continued across the Cumberland River and Old Hickory Lake, coming onshore again in the immediate dam vicinity. It is this location in which the strongest winds were found, up to 130 miles per hour, due to substantial...
Drinking water
6 community water systems serve about 302,055 people. Violations since 2021.
None of the systems serving this county had a health-based violation in this period.
- White House Utility DistrictServes 130,411 · Surface water · Local governmentNo health violations
- Gallatin Water DepartmentServes 65,964 · Surface water · Local governmentNo health violations
- Hendersonville U.d.Serves 59,034 · Surface water · Local governmentNo health violations+1 monitoring or reporting
- Portland Water SystemServes 25,761 · Surface water · Local governmentNo health violations+1 monitoring or reporting
- Castalian Springs-Bethpage U.d.Serves 14,555 · Purchased surface water · Local governmentNo health violations+1 monitoring or reporting
- Westmoreland Water SystemServes 6,330 · Purchased surface water · Local governmentNo health violations
Largest systems by population served. Monitoring and reporting violations mean required tests or notices were late or missing, not that the water was unsafe.
Pollution sites
0 Superfund sites and 11 toxic release facilities in Sumner County
Superfund sites
None in this county.
Toxic release facilities
- U.S. Tva Gallatin Fossil Plant1.6 million lbs released, Gallatin
- Ascent Buildings LLC27,908 lbs released, Portland
- Insteel Wire Products9,765 lbs released, Gallatin
- Hoeganaes Corp9,624 lbs released, Gallatin
- Beretta USA9,196 lbs released, Gallatin
- Simpson Strong Tie5,783 lbs released, Gallatin
- American Colors Inc. Dispersion Facility Gallatin TN1,100 lbs released, Gallatin
- John L. Armitage & Co.816 lbs released, Gallatin
- Kirby Building System14.5 lbs released, Portland
- Tms International LLC2.8 lbs released, Gallatin
Total: 1.7 million lbs in 2024, 159,966 lbs to air.
Superfund sitesToxic release facilitiesEPA inspections and enforcementAir toxics cancer risk28 historic places
Frequently asked questions
- How risky is Sumner County for natural disasters?
- FEMA rates Sumner County relatively moderate for overall natural hazard risk, with expected losses of $86.7M a year. The highest-rated hazards are tornado (relatively high), strong wind (relatively high), cold wave (relatively high).
- What storms are most common in Sumner County?
- Since 1996, NOAA recorded 809 storm events affecting Sumner County, most often thunderstorm wind (377), hail (153), flash flood (78).
- How many tornadoes have hit Sumner County?
- 45 tornadoes have been recorded in Sumner County since 1950, including 4 rated F3/EF3 or stronger.
- How many homes in Sumner County have flood insurance?
- 598 residential flood insurance policies are in force in Sumner County, covering about 0.9% of homes. The program has paid $14.4M on 706 claims here since 1978.
- What is the weather like in Sumner County?
- At Bethpage 1 S, average highs reach 88°F in Jul and lows fall to 25°F in Jan, with 55.0 inches of rain a year (1991-2020 normals).
Source: FEMA (National Risk Index, NFIP), NOAA (Storm Events, HURDAT2, Climate Normals), EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch the county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.