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Maine Environment & Hazard Risk

0 counties rated high or very high risk. 15,365 storm events since 1996, #39 among states.

Expected yearly loss
$416M
$305 per person
Storm events since 1996
15,365
Most often heavy snow
Flood insurance policies
6,651
$86M in claims paid
Superfund sites
16
69 toxic release facilities

Risk by county

FEMA National Risk Index rating, highest risk first

CountyOverall riskTop hazardFlood policiesFlood claims paid
York CountyModerateIce storm2,796$44.7M
Aroostook CountyLowWinter weather92$4.6M
Penobscot CountyLowWinter weather194$1.7M
Cumberland CountyLowWinter weather1,320$5.5M
Kennebec CountyLowWinter weather249$7.4M
Somerset CountyLowWinter weather144$2M
Oxford CountyLowWinter weather275$5.9M
Androscoggin CountyLowWinter weather164$1.1M
Hancock CountyLowWinter weather284$1.1M
Piscataquis CountyLowCold wave42$2M
Washington CountyLowWinter weather95$85.8K
Franklin CountyLowIce storm91$1.8M
Waldo CountyVery LowWinter weather133$1.5M
Lincoln CountyVery LowWinter weather321$3.6M
Knox CountyVery LowWinter weather304$1.9M
Sagadahoc CountyVery LowIce storm147$1.1M

Storm events by type

Since 1996: 41 deaths, $746M in property and crop damage

  • Heavy Snow2,954
  • Thunderstorm Wind2,661 · 5 deaths
  • Winter Storm1,677 · 1 death
  • Winter Weather1,245 · 2 deaths
  • High Wind1,133 · 3 deaths
  • Hail987
  • Flood931 · 5 deaths
  • Strong Wind624 · 6 deaths
  • Drought524
  • Cold/Wind Chill504 · 2 deaths
  • Flash Flood451 · 3 deaths
  • Extreme Cold/Wind Chill382

Events per year

Storm events per year in Maine

Most damaging storms

Since 2017, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage

  • Coastal Flood01/13/2024

    Coastal York

    $30M damage

    What happened

    The astronomical tide in Portland was 11.2 feet (MLLW) at 1205 pm. Flood stage is 12 feet (MLLW). The gale to storm force onshore winds produced a storm surge of 3.37 feet in Portland Harbor. The resulting storm tide topped out at 14.57 feet (MLLW) in the Forest City with the tide remaining above flood stage for two hours and 38 minutes, however, similar to the storm earlier in the week, localized flooding occurred throughout the day in low lying communities such as Ocean Park in Old Orchard Beach. The temporary new tide gauge at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI) in Portland reached 14.6 feet (MLLW). Across the southern tip of Maine at the Seavey Island gauge, the tide reached 13.17 feet at (MLLW) 1212 pm.||Waves damaged numerous homes in Wells, Saco and Old Orchard Beach. Severe damage occurred to homes in the Camp Ellis area of Saco where Jersey barriers were significantly moved by the powerful waves and damaged. Also in Saco, a home was destroyed by waves on Eastern Avenue along with damage to Surf Street and the corner of Main Avenue and North Avenue will need to be rebuilt. The end of Beach and Pearl Avenues will also need to be rebuilt in Camp Ellis along with...

  • Flood12/18/2023

    Middle Intervale, Oxford County

    2 deaths, $5M damage

    What happened

    Catastrophic flooding on the Androscoggin River resulting from 5 to 6 inches of rainfall and 2 to 3 inches of snowmelt. The river rose 17��� in roughly 12 hours, cresting at 22.1 feet. The record is 24��� set in 1936. Access in and out of the region was cut off for days, including both Route 2 and 108 running on either side of the river. The Flooding started upstream in Gorham, reaching major severity in Bethel and continuing through Rumford and downstream through Mexico, Canton, Peru, Dixfield, Jay, and Livermore Falls. The flood severity was impacted by record flooding from the Ellis and Swift River tributaries from the north. Numerous swift water rescues were needed to move trapped residents and motorists to safety. On the evening of the 18th a vehicle was swept up by the Swift River off of Main Street and deposited into the Androscoggin River. Water rescues saved two of the passengers, but the driver and another passenger perished and were recovered a few days later. Floodwaters moved a house off its foundation on Prospect Avenue in Rumford. Water was up to street signs along Route 140 from Dixfield, Canton, to Jay. In Mexico numerous buildings flooded along Main Street,...

  • Coastal Flood01/13/2024

    Coastal Cumberland

    $20M damage

    What happened

    The astronomical tide in Portland was 11.2 feet at 1205 pm. Flood stage is 12 feet (MLLW). The gale to storm force onshore winds produced a storm surge of 3.37 feet in Portland Harbor. The resulting storm tide topped out at 14.57 feet (MLLW) in the Forest City with the tide remaining above flood stage for two hours and 38 minutes, however, similar to the storm earlier in the week, localized flooding occurred throughout the day in low lying communities. The temporary new tide gauge at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI) in Portland reached 14.6 feet (MLLW). ||The storm created significant damage to waterfront areas of Cumberland County due to both inundation flooding and over wash from large coastal swells that overtopped dunes and seawalls. Homes and seawalls were heavily damaged along Higgins Beach in Scarborough. Also, flood waters infiltrated the wastewater plant on Black Point Road in an area where trail systems and beach access were also damaged. Along Kettle Cover Road in Cape Elizabeth, sidewalks, curbs and part of the road way were lost during the storm along with a rock wall slope protecting the roadway. Large rocks were also tumbled by the waves onto Shore...

  • Coastal Flood01/13/2024

    Sagadahoc

    $15M damage

    What happened

    The astronomical tide in Portland was 11.2 feet (MLLW) at 1205 pm. Flood stage is 12 feet (MLLW). The gale to storm force onshore winds produced a storm surge of 3.37 feet in Portland Harbor. The resulting storm tide topped out at 14.57 feet (MLLW) in the Forest City with the tide remaining above flood stage for two hours and 38 minutes.||The storm created significant damage to waterfront areas of Sagadahoc County due to both inundation flooding and over wash from large coastal swells that overtopped dunes and seawalls. At Popham Beach and Reid State Park, severe erosion occurred to the dune structure. In Georgetown, Williams Road, Indian Point Road, Kennebec Point Road, Bay Point Road and Mill Island Road were all flooded, docks and floats were significantly damaged by the waves. In Bath, Route 127 was closed due to deep inundation, keeping Georgetown cutoff until the water receded. Flooding was also reported in Bath on Commercial Street, along the waterfront and all low lying roads near the Kennebec River. In Woolwich, Route one was closed due to coastal inundation. Numerous roads were eroded in Edgecomb by the crashing surf. Flooding and debris were reported on Bailey...

  • Coastal Flood01/10/2024

    Coastal York

    $15M damage

    What happened

    An intense and rapidly deepening area of low pressure over the Great Lakes region (975 mb) combined with modestly high astronomical tides to produce the third highest storm tide ever in Portland (records 1912-present). In the Portsmouth region at the relatively new Seavey Island gauge, the tide reached 12.46 feet at 9:36 am. The storm surge was recorded at 3.17 feet. In terms of erosion, significant splash-over occurred along the coast, especially in vulnerable southeast facing beaches. In Wells, flood waters damaged a home in Seabreeze Drive. In Kennebunkport, large waves closed the roads by depositing stones and debris on Ocean Avenue. Waves struck houses on Ocean Avenue in Kennebunkport. A portion of the sea wall and a garage along Beach Avenue in Kennebunk was ripped out by the waves. Private seawalls and bulkheads were heavily damaged by large rocks moved by the waves. Inundation flooding was also extreme across Southwest Maine. In Saco, the community of Camp Ellis was completely shut off with over a foot of water covering the corner of Route 9 and Lower Beach Road. North Ave in Camp Ellis was destroyed by wave action, and up to 2-3 feet of sand was left on parts of...

  • Coastal Flood12/23/2022

    Coastal York

    $15M damage

    What happened

    The morning of December 23rd had perfect alignment of a very high astronomical tide, peak storm surge of 2+ feet and large battering nearshore waves of 15 to 20 feet all coinciding at high tide. The astronomical tide in Portland was 11.3 feet MLLW at 10:16 am, already close to the established 12 foot MLLW minor flood level. The intense onshore winds produced a storm surge of 2.41 feet in Portland Harbor. The resulting storm tide topped out at 13.72 feet MLLW, it���s fourth highest water level in modern history for the Forest City (records 1912-present). The tide remained above flood stage for 195 minutes (945 am - 100 pm). A temporary new tide gauge installed by the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI) in Portland reached 13.78 feet MLLW. Across the southern tip of Maine at the relatively new Seavey Island gauge, the tide reached 12.41 feet MLLW at 1054 am with a storm surge of 2.50 feet.||Significant to major coastal flooding occurred across most vulnerable locations in York County. No injuries were reported but there were documented water rescues at Granite Point in Biddeford and in Wells on Mile Road as well as Webhannet Drive due to stranded motorists in flood...

Flood insurance

National Flood Insurance Program policies and claims

6,651 homes in Maine have flood insurance, about 1.2% of residential buildings. In high-risk flood zones, 4,052 of 5,159 homes (79%) are insured.

Flood claims paid per year in Maine
  • Flooding$9.9M · 522 claims
  • December Nor'easter$7.5M · 173 claims
  • April 2007 Nor'easter$6.9M · 393 claims
  • The "Halloween" Storm$4.4M · 503 claims
  • Hurricane Irene$365K · 19 claims
  • Hurricane Sandy$57.7K · 10 claims

Drinking water

386 community water systems serve about 691,894 people

Since 2021, 68 systems reported 209 health-based violations. 73 systems had a violation of any kind still open at last report. These had the most:

Select a county above to see every system that serves it.

Climate in the largest cities

1991-2020 normals from the nearest NOAA weather station

CityJuly highJan lowRainSnow
Portland80°F16°F48.1 in68.7 in
Lewiston80°F12°F45.2 in65.1 in
Bangor80°F9°F41.7 in74.6 in
Biddeford77°F13°F52.0 in48.9 in
Sanford81°F10°F51.3 in-
Augusta80°F12°F41.8 in-
Brunswick79°F12°F50.0 in66.8 in
Waterville80°F9°F43.4 in-

Pollution sites

16 Superfund sites and 69 toxic release facilities

Superfund sites

All 16 in Maine

Largest toxic releases

All 69 in Maine

Facilities in Maine reported 7.2 million lbs of toxic releases in 2024, 2.0 million lbs of it into the air.

Frequently asked questions

What is the biggest natural hazard in Maine?
By expected annual loss, hurricane costs the most in Maine ($78.7M a year), according to FEMA's National Risk Index.
How many storms hit Maine each year?
NOAA recorded 15,365 storm events in Maine since 1996, about 496 a year. The most common type is heavy snow.
How many hurricanes have hit Maine?
Maine has had 2 hurricane landfalls since 1851, including 0 major hurricanes of Category 3 or stronger.
How many homes in Maine have flood insurance?
6,651 residential flood insurance policies are in force in Maine. Since 1978 the National Flood Insurance Program has paid $86M on 5,537 claims here.
How many Superfund sites are in Maine?
Maine has 16 Superfund sites on or deleted from EPA's National Priorities List.

Source: FEMA, NOAA, EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch each county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.