Sierra County, NM Environment & Hazard Risk
Relatively Low natural hazard risk, led by wildfire. 403 storm events since 1996.
- Expected yearly loss
- $10.8M
- Very Low nationally
- Storm events since 1996
- 403
- Most often drought
- Flood insurance policies
- 27
- 0.3% of homes
- Hurricanes nearby
- 0
- Since 1851
Natural hazard risk
FEMA National Risk Index, December 2025
Overall risk
Relatively Low
Score 55.8 of 100
Social vulnerability
Very High
Score 95.2 of 100
Community resilience
Very Low
Score 7.9 of 100
Community resilience runs the other way: a higher rating means a community can recover faster.
Building value exposed: $3B · Agriculture value exposed: $41.1M · Risk-adjusted yearly loss: $19.4M
Risk by hazard
- WildfireRelatively Low$338K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 507 years
- DroughtRelatively Moderate$378K/yr expected annual loss, about 75 events a year
- LightningRelatively Moderate$318K/yr expected annual loss, about 60 events a year
- Winter weatherRelatively Low$44.5K/yr expected annual loss, about 5.2 events a year
- LandslideVery Low$817/yr expected annual loss, about 1.5 events a year
- AvalancheVery Low$326/yr expected annual loss, about once every 100 years
- EarthquakeVery Low$117K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 544 years
- Heat waveVery Low$114K/yr expected annual loss, about 2.3 events a year
- HailRelatively Low$81.2K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 5 years
- Cold waveRelatively Low$281K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 12 years
- HurricaneVery Low$1,643/yr expected annual loss, about once every 112 years
- Volcanic activityVery Low$0/yr expected annual loss, about once every 10,000 years
- TornadoVery Low$7,845/yr expected annual loss, about once every 11 years
- Strong windVery Low$14.9K/yr expected annual loss, about once every 5 years
- Ice stormVery Low$928/yr expected annual loss, about once every 24 years
Bars show the national percentile score (0 to 100) for each hazard. Dollar figures are expected annual losses to buildings, people and crops. Not rated here: coastal flooding, riverine flooding, tsunami.
Flood risk and insurance
National Flood Insurance Program and FEMA flood maps
Check the flood zone for an address
- Homes with flood insurance
- 27 of 7,884 (0.3%)
- Homes in high-risk flood zones
- 0
- Flood claims since 1978
- 15
- Claims paid since 1978
- $158K
Flood claims paid per year
Storm history
Since 1996: 403 events, 2 deaths, $6.6M in damage
- Drought221
- Flash Flood62 · 1 death
- High Wind49
- Hail30 · 1 death
- Thunderstorm Wind26
- Heavy Rain5
- Heavy Snow4
- Flood2
- Excessive Heat2
- Extreme Cold/Wind Chill1
Events per year
5 tornadoes on record (F0 4, F1 1).
Most damaging storms
Since 1996, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage
- Flash Flood09/13/2013
(Tcs)truth/Consqnces, Sierra County
1 death, $500K damage
What happened
The Sierra County Emergency Manager reported several bridges washed out and evacuations taking place around Truth or Consequences. A total of 3.35 inches of rain was reported at the New Mexico State Veterans Home. One death was reported by State Police in Ash Canyon near Elephant Butte Dam. A newspaper report said several dams were breached and over 200 homes were evacuated. Several roads were closed and bridges washed out due to flooding including along Highway 187.
- Hail1" hail08/04/1998
Kingston, Sierra County
1 death
- Flash Flood07/27/2020
Williamsburg, Sierra County
$2.4M damage
What happened
There was extensive flash flooding of roads and buildings around Truth or Consequences and Williamsburg. Near-zero visibility was reported in the heavy rain along with pea sized hail. A trained spotter reported 4.10 inches of rain in about one hour. A car was washed off the road. Multiple homes were evacuated around the two towns. The Rio Grande was threatening to exit its banks, therefore causing Elephant Butte Dam having to be closed.
- Thunderstorm Wind61 kt wind08/17/2015
Elephant Butte, Sierra County
$1.1M damage
What happened
Storm survey revealed numerous boats damaged at Marina Del Sur on the south end of Elephant Butte Lake. A couple of metal roofs covering the boats were torn off and/or collapsed and concrete slabs anchoring down the structures were pulled out of the water. An eyewitness described a downburst lasting 15 minutes with torrential rainfall and zero visibility. Property damage was in excess of $1 million.
- Flash Flood06/29/1996
Truth Or Consequence, Sierra County
$1M damage
- Flash Flood09/11/2002
Cuchillo, Sierra County
$500K damage
What happened
Persistent heavy rains from thunderstorms repeatedly moving over the same area resulted in Cuchillo creek spilling out of its banks and damaging most of the roads from Cuchillo northwestward toward Monticello. Residents around Cuchillo were told to evacuate. Floodwaters, initially a flash flood, remained at least until the following morning. Estimates of two inches of rain fell on ground saturated from days of previous heavy rains.
Drinking water
6 community water systems serve about 10,738 people. Violations since 2021.
2 systems had health-based violations, such as a contaminant over the legal limit or a missed treatment step. 2 systems had a violation of any kind still open at last report.
- Truth Or ConsequencesServes 6,783 · Groundwater · Local government17 health violations+2 monitoring or reporting
- Elephant Butte Water SystemServes 2,286 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations
- Elephant Butte, City ofServes 1,350 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations+3 monitoring or reporting
- Hillsboro MdwcaServes 172 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations+7 monitoring or reporting
- Caballo Lake MdwcaServes 102 · Groundwater · Local governmentNo health violations+1 monitoring or reporting
- Desertaire Water CompanyServes 45 · Groundwater · Private23 health violations+59 monitoring or reporting
Largest systems by population served. Monitoring and reporting violations mean required tests or notices were late or missing, not that the water was unsafe.
Pollution sites
0 Superfund sites and 0 toxic release facilities in Sierra County
No Superfund sites or toxic release facilities in Sierra County in our data.
Superfund sitesToxic release facilitiesEPA inspections and enforcementAir toxics cancer risk11 historic places
Frequently asked questions
- How risky is Sierra County for natural disasters?
- FEMA rates Sierra County relatively low for overall natural hazard risk, with expected losses of $10.8M a year. The highest-rated hazards are wildfire (relatively low), drought (relatively moderate), lightning (relatively moderate).
- What storms are most common in Sierra County?
- Since 1996, NOAA recorded 403 storm events affecting Sierra County, most often drought (221), flash flood (62), high wind (49).
- How many tornadoes have hit Sierra County?
- 5 tornadoes have been recorded in Sierra County since 1950.
- How many homes in Sierra County have flood insurance?
- 27 residential flood insurance policies are in force in Sierra County, covering about 0.3% of homes. The program has paid $158K on 15 claims here since 1978.
- What is the weather like in Sierra County?
- At Elephant Butte Dam, average highs reach 96°F in Jun and lows fall to 30°F in Jan, with 9.9 inches of rain a year (1991-2020 normals).
Source: FEMA (National Risk Index, NFIP), NOAA (Storm Events, HURDAT2, Climate Normals), EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch the county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.