New Mexico Environment & Hazard Risk
2 counties rated high or very high risk. 23,043 storm events since 1996, #35 among states.
- Expected yearly loss
- $972M
- $460 per person
- Storm events since 1996
- 23,043
- Most often drought
- Flood insurance policies
- 11,342
- $41.83M in claims paid
- Superfund sites
- 21
- 94 toxic release facilities
Risk by county
FEMA National Risk Index rating, highest risk first
| County | Overall risk | Top hazard | Flood policies | Flood claims paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doña Ana County | High | Drought | 947 | $4.89M |
| Bernalillo County | High | Winter weather | 1,069 | $1.43M |
| San Juan County | Moderate | Drought | 135 | $537K |
| Chaves County | Moderate | Drought | 282 | $8.38M |
| Lea County | Moderate | Wildfire | 715 | $931K |
| Santa Fe County | Moderate | Wildfire | 388 | $958K |
| Otero County | Moderate | Wildfire | 757 | $1.54M |
| Roosevelt County | Moderate | Wildfire | 107 | $322K |
| Eddy County | Moderate | Winter weather | 235 | $333K |
| Valencia County | Moderate | Earthquake | 2,142 | $982K |
| Rio Arriba County | Low | Wildfire | 147 | $329K |
| Lincoln County | Low | Wildfire | 267 | $17.13M |
| McKinley County | Low | Lightning | 35 | $30.53K |
| Sandoval County | Low | Landslide | 558 | $359K |
| San Miguel County | Low | Wildfire | 1,791 | $824K |
| Taos County | Low | Wildfire | 96 | $51.08K |
| Grant County | Low | Wildfire | 42 | $114K |
| Curry County | Low | Drought | 175 | $563K |
| Socorro County | Low | Wildfire | 144 | $435K |
| Colfax County | Low | Wildfire | 21 | $13.05K |
| Cibola County | Low | Lightning | 62 | $611K |
| Sierra County | Low | Wildfire | 27 | $158K |
| Luna County | Low | Drought | 23 | $151K |
| Torrance County | Low | Wildfire | 120 | $4,797 |
| Mora County | Very Low | Wildfire | 1,029 | $478K |
| Catron County | Very Low | Wildfire | 1 | $168K |
| Quay County | Very Low | Drought | 4 | $32.63K |
| Union County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Hidalgo County | Very Low | Drought | 2 | $27.83K |
| Guadalupe County | Very Low | Wildfire | 1 | - |
| De Baca County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | - |
| Los Alamos County | Very Low | Wildfire | 19 | $30.87K |
| Harding County | Very Low | Wildfire | - | - |
Costliest hazards
Expected annual loss in New Mexico, all counties combined
- Wildfire$113M/yr · 5 counties high
- Earthquake$64.23M/yr
- Drought$42.57M/yr · 7 counties high
- Heat wave$22.76M/yr
- Cold wave$21.24M/yr
- Lightning$21.12M/yr · 17 counties high
- Hail$15.69M/yr · 3 counties high
- Strong wind$10.45M/yr · 1 county high
- Winter weather$8.17M/yr · 13 counties high
- Tornado$7.92M/yr
Storm events by type
Since 1996: 185 deaths, $3.23B in property and crop damage
- Drought6,423
- Hail4,379 · 2 deaths
- High Wind4,055 · 9 deaths
- Heavy Snow2,245 · 29 deaths
- Thunderstorm Wind1,966 · 2 deaths
- Flash Flood1,784 · 49 deaths
- Winter Storm449 · 6 deaths
- Tornado285 · 2 deaths
- Funnel Cloud175
- Wildfire165 · 5 deaths
- Dust Storm153 · 6 deaths
- Heavy Rain150 · 6 deaths
Events per year
Most damaging storms
Since 2017, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage
- Flash Flood10/20/2024
Roswell, Chaves County
2 deaths, $500M damage
What happened
Historically bad flash flooding across Roswell, reported by numerous emergency officials and the public. Thunderstorms training over Roswell dumped an all-time one-day rainfall record of 5.78 at the Roswell Airport with numerous other public weather stations across town ranging from 4 to 9 inches. Major flooding was reported across the city and nearby low-lying areas south and west of town. Numerous vehicles were submerged in over 4 feet of water while several more were swept away. The Roswell Daily Record reported that as many as 500 rescues were carried out over the weekend during and after the flooding. Estimates have as many as 400 homes and 200 businesses facing significant damage. The Roswell Convention Center was hosting a UFO festival when flood waters up to 5 feet entered the building. Attendees were being rescued from the rooftop. Roswell's Spring River Zoo also suffered extensive damage including the loss of one donkey. Flood damage was also sustained to Roswell's Landfill and Wastewater Treatment Plant. All roads entering the city were closed by State Police. The city lost 4 fire trucks and 7 police patrol cars with numerous city facilities damaged. There is one...
- Wildfire05/01/2022
East Slopes Sangre De Cristo Mountains
3 injured, $100M damage
What happened
The Hermits Peak and Calf Canyon Fire continued to devastate the area as it grew significantly during the month of May. The wildfire at the end of April was at 103,908 acres, but continued strong winds across the area throughout the month of May allowed the wildfire to spread rapidly. Within the first three days of May, the fire grew over 40,000 acres to a total of 145,854 acres with only 20% containment. During this time, the fire pushed northward toward Mora and northwest toward Las Tusas and Sapello. It also pushed towards Las Vegas, prompting evacuation orders for the western side of the city. By May 16, the Hermits Peak/Calf Canyon Fire grew to 298,060 acres, officially surpassing the 2012 Whitewater-Baldy Fire and becoming the largest wildfire in New Mexico State history. By the end of the month, the wildfire burned 315,627 acres with 50% containment. Official numbers for homes and structures destroyed are still unknown, but on May 17th, the San Miguel County Sherrif reported that at least 340 homes had been destroyed with 275 other structures lost as well. Damages are estimated.
- Debris Flow07/08/2025
Alto, Lincoln County
3 deaths, 2 injured, $50M damage
What happened
Extremely heavy rainfall from slow moving thunderstorms resulted in catastrophic flash flooding and destructive debris flows on and downstream of the South Fork burn scar. Debris flows and a record rise on the Rio Ruidoso from 1.43 feet to 20.24 feet in approximately 30 minutes overtopped bridges and roads, pushed some houses off their foundations and down canyons and hillsides, forced power outages, and resulted in water and sewer services. These extremely high flows destroyed the horse racetrack at Ruidoso Downs. Swift water teams rescued 65 individuals from homes, RV trailers, vehicles and from flood waters and debris flows. Up to 150 families and 400 homes were believed to be impacted and damaged. Tragically, three deaths were reported, including two young children when flood waters and debris flows overwhelmed and destroyed their RV. The parents of these children ended up being hospitalized due to suffering serious injuries while trying to save their children from the floodwaters. Two family dogs were also lost in the floodwaters. A federal disaster declaration was issued by the president two days after the catastrophic flash flooding to help free up federal funds and...
- Heavy Snow01/01/2019
Albuquerque Metro Area
1 death, 66 injured, $500K damage
What happened
Snowfall amounts ranged from two to seven inches around the Albuquerque Metro Area. Difficult travel conditions due to snow, blowing snow, low visibility, and frigid temperatures were reported. Very cold temperatures resulted in frozen and burst water pipes at 40 public schools of which 25 were severely damaged. APS estimated damage amounts around $230,000. APD reported 157 accidents across the metro area with 66 involving injuries. One of these crashes was fatal on Interstate 40 when six vehicles, four semi trailers, a state police vehicle, and a tow truck were involved in a chain reaction pile up. The 50-year old tow truck driver Pat Cisneros from Madrid, NM was killed while trying to assist those involved in the accident. Additional damage amounts for vehicles are estimated.
- Dust Storm06/19/2024
Middle Rio Grande Valley/Albuquerque Metro Area
51 injured, $100K damage
What happened
Strong outflow winds from thunderstorms along the central mountain chain resulted in a haboob moving west across Interstate 25. The lower visibility resulted in a 23 car pile up and the resultant closure of Interstate 25 between San Felipe casino and Santo Domingo Pueblo. News reports showed 51 people were taken to the hospital.
- Wildfire06/17/2024
South Central Mountains
2 deaths, $23M damage
What happened
The South Fork Fire was discovered on June 17th within tribal land along the Rio Ruidoso west of Ruidoso. It blew up in size within its first two days reaching 15,000 acres and destroying an estimated 1,400 structures. Two lives were lost, an as of yet identified person in a vehicle on Rainier Road due to the limited remains, and a 60 year old Patrick Pearson within the Swiss Chalet Motel. The fire's growth slowed considerably by the 19th due to heavy rainfall causing flash flooding on the burn scar. Flash flooding and debris flows exacerbated recovery efforts. Many of the structures lost were located within the eastern and northeastern portion of the burn area including areas from Alto to Cellars Canyon and Cedar Canyon down to the upper Rio Ruidoso. Damage is an estimate based on number of structures destroyed.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
Storms whose track crossed the state, newest first
- Hurricane Dolly (2008)07/20/2008 · Landfall: TX · 963 mbCategory 298 mph peak
- Hurricane Lester (1992)08/20/1992 · 985 mbCategory 181 mph peak
- Hurricane Raymond (1989)09/25/1989 · 935 mbCategory 4144 mph peak
- Hurricane Celia (1970)07/31/1970 · Landfall: TX · 944 mbCategory 4138 mph peak
- Unnamed storm (1958)09/30/1958Category 186 mph peak
- Unnamed storm (1957)10/01/1957Category 186 mph peak
- Unnamed storm (1942)08/23/1942 · Landfall: TX · 950 mbCategory 3115 mph peak
- Unnamed storm (1929)06/27/1929 · Landfall: TX · 982 mbCategory 192 mph peak
Flood insurance
National Flood Insurance Program policies and claims
11,342 homes in New Mexico have flood insurance, about 1.4% of residential buildings. In high-risk flood zones, 7,370 of 46,300 homes (16%) are insured.
- 2025 July NM Flooding$7.1M · 68 claims
- Flooding$13.41K · 13 claims
- Tropical Storm Harold$0 · 1 claim
Drinking water
557 community water systems serve about 1,930,391 people
Since 2021, 327 systems reported 1,660 health-based violations. 175 systems had a violation of any kind still open at last report. These had the most:
- Las Vegas (City Of)Serves 14,530 · Surface water · Local government46 health violations+15 monitoring or reporting
- Miami Water Users AssociationServes 135 · Surface water · Local government33 health violations+16 monitoring or reporting
- Lordsburg Water Supply SystemServes 3,298 · Groundwater · Local government31 health violations+12 monitoring or reporting
- Camino Real Regional Utility AuthorityServes 21,930 · Groundwater · Local government28 health violations+14 monitoring or reporting
- Santa Cruz Water AssociationServes 394 · Groundwater · Local government28 health violations+37 monitoring or reporting
- Belen Water SystemServes 10,830 · Groundwater · Local government24 health violations+67 monitoring or reporting
- Springer Water SystemServes 1,170 · Surface water · Local government24 health violations+50 monitoring or reporting
- Pojoaque Terraces MhpServes 160 · Groundwater · Private24 health violations+15 monitoring or reporting
Select a county above to see every system that serves it.
Climate in the largest cities
1991-2020 normals from the nearest NOAA weather station
| City | July high | Jan low | Rain | Snow |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albuquerque | 91°F | 26°F | 8.8 in | 7.9 in |
| Las Cruces | 96°F | 30°F | 9.1 in | 1.0 in |
| Rio Rancho | 94°F | 22°F | 10.4 in | 9.3 in |
| Santa Fe | 86°F | 18°F | 12.8 in | 20.2 in |
| Roswell | 94°F | 23°F | 11.6 in | 9.8 in |
| Farmington | 93°F | 19°F | 7.8 in | - |
| Hobbs | 94°F | 30°F | 13.8 in | 1.8 in |
| Clovis | 92°F | 26°F | 20.1 in | 13.4 in |
Pollution sites
21 Superfund sites and 94 toxic release facilities
Superfund sites
- Carlisle Village CleanersFinal NPL Site, Albuquerque
- Chevron Questa MineFinal NPL Site, Questa
- Eagle Picher Carefree BatteryFinal NPL Site, Socorro
- Fruit Avenue PlumeFinal NPL Site, Albuquerque
- Grants Chlorinated SolventsFinal NPL Site, Grants
- Griggs & Walnut Ground Water PlumeFinal NPL Site, Las Cruces
- Homestake Mining co.Final NPL Site, Milan
- Jackpile-Paguate Uranium MineFinal NPL Site, Laguna Pueblo
Largest toxic releases
- Eunice Gas Plant12.2 million lbs, Eunice
- Dagger Draw Gas Plant12.2 million lbs, Artesia
- Maljamar Gas Processing Plant11.2 million lbs, Maljamar
- East Vacuum Liquid Recovery Plant/Co2 Plant4.5 million lbs, Lovington
- Chino Mines Co Mine Concentrator-Sxew Plants2.0 million lbs, Vanadium
- Southwest Cheese LLC2.0 million lbs, Clovis
- Four Corners Steam Electric Station1.4 million lbs, Fruitland
- Red Hills Gas Plant562,215 lbs, Jal
Facilities in New Mexico reported 48.7 million lbs of toxic releases in 2024, 1.2 million lbs of it into the air.
Frequently asked questions
- What is the biggest natural hazard in New Mexico?
- By expected annual loss, wildfire costs the most in New Mexico ($113M a year), according to FEMA's National Risk Index.
- How many storms hit New Mexico each year?
- NOAA recorded 23,043 storm events in New Mexico since 1996, about 743 a year. The most common type is drought.
- How many homes in New Mexico have flood insurance?
- 11,342 residential flood insurance policies are in force in New Mexico. Since 1978 the National Flood Insurance Program has paid $41.83M on 1,929 claims here.
- How many Superfund sites are in New Mexico?
- New Mexico has 21 Superfund sites on or deleted from EPA's National Priorities List.
Source: FEMA, NOAA, EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch each county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.