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Montana Environment & Hazard Risk

0 counties rated high or very high risk. 34,276 storm events since 1996, #26 among states.

Expected yearly loss
$792M
$732 per person
Storm events since 1996
34,276
Most often high wind
Flood insurance policies
3,070
$19M in claims paid
Superfund sites
19
61 toxic release facilities

Risk by county

FEMA National Risk Index rating, highest risk first

CountyOverall riskTop hazardFlood policiesFlood claims paid
Flathead CountyModerateAvalanche372$690K
Yellowstone CountyModerateWinter weather233$2.3M
Cascade CountyModerateWinter weather246$855K
Gallatin CountyModerateWinter weather323$340K
Ravalli CountyLowWildfire91$115K
Missoula CountyLowWildfire215$973K
Lewis and Clark CountyLowWinter weather176$432K
Lake CountyLowWinter weather30$20.3K
Park CountyLowAvalanche95$3.3M
Lincoln CountyLowWildfire51$447K
Dawson CountyLowCold wave4$145K
Carbon CountyLowLandslide65$2.7M
Big Horn CountyLowStrong wind6$245K
Roosevelt CountyLowCold wave7$65.1K
Richland CountyLowCold wave12$94.8K
Glacier CountyLowCold wave1$32.2K
Hill CountyLowCold wave9$55.5K
Rosebud CountyLowWildfire4$15.5K
Sanders CountyLowLandslide26$223K
Blaine CountyLowCold wave13$69.1K
Fergus CountyLowWinter weather32$244K
Beaverhead CountyLowAvalanche33$2,464
Custer CountyVery LowCold wave687$400K
Madison CountyVery LowAvalanche46$26.1K
Chouteau CountyVery LowAvalanche4-
Silver Bow CountyVery LowWinter weather27$8,245
Valley CountyVery LowHail17$1.5M
Phillips CountyVery LowCold wave12$135K
Pondera CountyVery LowCold wave--
Jefferson CountyVery LowLandslide22$6,966
Teton CountyVery LowAvalanche18$30.7K
Broadwater CountyVery LowLandslide6$6,500
Deer Lodge CountyVery LowAvalanche18$8,284
Musselshell CountyVery LowWildfire15$1.2M
Stillwater CountyVery LowWildfire54$1.4M
Sheridan CountyVery LowCold wave-$73
Toole CountyVery LowCold wave-$416
Wibaux CountyVery LowCold wave4$77.1K
Powell CountyVery LowLandslide19$120K
Granite CountyVery LowLandslide15$16.9K
Sweet Grass CountyVery LowWildfire14$419K
Mineral CountyVery LowLandslide16$10.8K
Liberty CountyVery LowCold wave4$7,075
Judith Basin CountyVery LowWildfire--
Fallon CountyVery LowCold wave2-
McCone CountyVery LowCold wave--
Prairie CountyVery LowCold wave--
Powder River CountyVery LowWildfire2$25.4K
Wheatland CountyVery LowWildfire4$38.4K
Meagher CountyVery LowLandslide11$78.1K
Garfield CountyVery LowWildfire7$105K
Daniels CountyVery LowCold wave--
Carter CountyVery LowWildfire--
Petroleum CountyVery LowLightning1-
Golden Valley CountyVery LowWildfire1-
Treasure CountyVery LowWildfire--

Storm events by type

Since 1996: 162 deaths, $374M in property and crop damage

  • High Wind7,676 · 4 deaths
  • Hail7,371
  • Thunderstorm Wind5,837 · 10 deaths
  • Winter Storm3,626 · 19 deaths
  • Heavy Snow3,269 · 7 deaths
  • Winter Weather846 · 55 deaths
  • Drought804
  • Extreme Cold/Wind Chill704 · 1 death
  • Flood701 · 8 deaths
  • Blizzard642 · 3 deaths
  • Flash Flood480 · 1 death
  • Heavy Rain475

Events per year

Storm events per year in Montana

Most damaging storms

Since 2017, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage

  • Winter Storm02/14/2025

    Flathead/Mission Valleys

    4 deaths, 4 injured

    What happened

    Multiple social media reports indicated that roads became very slick during the evening of the 14th. One individual noted that while at the ER, three or four separate people were being treated for serious injuries from vehicle accidents that evening. Another person stated, 'Highway 2 between Evergreen and Columbia Falls is pure ice.' Light snow, combined with northerly winds gusting up to 24 mph at times between the GPI Airport and Columbia Falls, contributed to deteriorating conditions. Snowfall totals included 4 to 5 inches in the Kalispell area and Mission Valley, 9.5 inches at Creston, and 6 inches near Bigfork.

  • Winter Weather02/15/2026

    Potomac / Seeley Lake Region

    3 deaths, 3 injured

    What happened

    On the morning of February 15, 2026, a head-on collision involving two SUVs occurred on Highway 200 just west of Bear Creek. The accident resulted in three injuries requiring hospitalization and a two-hour closure of the highway. Precipitation totals in the vicinity of the accident ranged from 0.10 to 0.22 inches.

  • Flood12/11/2025

    Yakt, Lincoln County

    $31M damage

    What happened

    Notable infrastructure losses included the Farm-to-Market Road state bridge over Libby Creek, the Granite Creek county bridge, Ramsey Creek Bridge at milepost 8.9, Old Town/Libby Creek Bridge 8.1 miles up Libby Creek Road(NFS Road Number 231), West Fisher Road bridge over Lake Creek at about the 5.5 milepost, the Lower Granite Creek Bridge at milepost 2.5 on National Forest Service(NFS) Road 4791, Whoopie Creek Bridge(NFS Road 384) near Spar Lake in the Troy District, and Keeler Creek took out the Lake Creek Road county bridge(NFS Road 473) and the county levee in Troy. Additional washouts occurred on Libby Creek Road (NFS Road 231) at mileposts 0.9 and and about 25.0 and along NFS Road 384 where it was washed out due to a landslide past the Whoopie Creek Bridge. The Hiatt Creek Bridge(NFS Road 384) near Spar Lake sustained damage. While the Ross Creek bridge survived the flood, the creek bed beneath it rose significantly. Floodwaters deposited so much rock and gravel that the space under the bridge was reduced from 8 feet to 6 inches, leaving no room for water to pass. The West Fisher Road lost about 600 feet of road at milepost 25.5, and the Poorman Creek culvert washout on...

  • Winter Weather12/23/2025

    Butte / Blackfoot Region

    3 deaths, $8,000 damage

    What happened

    Along Interstate 90 between Drummond and Garrison Junction, freezing rain contributed to at least 6 accidents. At 1125MST a small car lost control, slid into the eastbound lane and crashed into a tractor trailer. All three people in the car were declared dead(indirect) on the scene. The road conditions were described as wet and icy.

  • Winter Storm02/16/2025

    Missoula / Bitterroot Valleys

    3 deaths

    What happened

    Severe driving conditions were reported by Montana Department of Transportation due to slick roads on the morning of February 16. Very slick conditions were reported again during the next two nights with fresh snow falling. An accident during the early morning hours of February 18 occurred near Frenchtown on the eastbound lanes of Interstate 90, resulting in three fatalities.

  • Freezing Fog12/17/2023

    Lower Clark Fork Region

    2 deaths, 5 injured, $70K damage

    What happened

    Freezing fog led to ice formation on area roadways. Icy roads were likely a contributing factor to a three vehicle collision on Highway 93 near Evaro. The crash resulted in five injuries and two fatalities.

Flood insurance

National Flood Insurance Program policies and claims

3,070 homes in Montana have flood insurance, about 0.6% of residential buildings. In high-risk flood zones, 2,168 of 13,743 homes (16%) are insured.

Flood claims paid per year in Montana
  • Yellowstone Flooding$6.8M · 107 claims
  • Flooding$29.3K · 6 claims

Drinking water

804 community water systems serve about 794,404 people

Since 2021, 89 systems reported 351 health-based violations. 78 systems had a violation of any kind still open at last report. These had the most:

  • Denton Town ofServes 255 · Surface water · Local government62 health violations+10 monitoring or reporting
  • Philipsburg Town ofServes 1,360 · Surface water · Local government25 health violations
  • Harlem City ofServes 820 · Surface water · Local government24 health violations+31 monitoring or reporting
  • Whitehall Town ofServes 1,500 · Groundwater · Local government22 health violations+4 monitoring or reporting
  • King Ranch ColonyServes 56 · Groundwater · Private21 health violations+7 monitoring or reporting
  • St Labre Indian SchoolServes 650 · Groundwater · Private13 health violations+7 monitoring or reporting
  • Richland Co Valley View WuaServes 85 · Groundwater · Local government12 health violations+6 monitoring or reporting
  • Turner ColonyServes 50 · Groundwater · Private8 health violations+26 monitoring or reporting

Select a county above to see every system that serves it.

Climate in the largest cities

1991-2020 normals from the nearest NOAA weather station

CityJuly highJan lowRainSnow
Billings87°F18°F14.3 in57.4 in
Missoula85°F20°F17.4 in50.2 in
Great Falls86°F18°F15.4 in-
Bozeman82°F15°F20.0 in91.3 in
Butte81°F8°F12.8 in-
Helena86°F14°F11.4 in37.2 in
Kalispell82°F16°F16.8 in54.4 in
Belgrade85°F10°F13.4 in-

Pollution sites

19 Superfund sites and 61 toxic release facilities

Superfund sites

All 19 in Montana

Largest toxic releases

All 61 in Montana

Facilities in Montana reported 41.6 million lbs of toxic releases in 2024, 1.8 million lbs of it into the air.

Frequently asked questions

What is the biggest natural hazard in Montana?
By expected annual loss, cold wave costs the most in Montana ($244M a year), according to FEMA's National Risk Index.
How many storms hit Montana each year?
NOAA recorded 34,276 storm events in Montana since 1996, about 1,106 a year. The most common type is high wind.
How many homes in Montana have flood insurance?
3,070 residential flood insurance policies are in force in Montana. Since 1978 the National Flood Insurance Program has paid $19M on 2,162 claims here.
How many Superfund sites are in Montana?
Montana has 19 Superfund sites on or deleted from EPA's National Priorities List.

Source: FEMA, NOAA, EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch each county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.