EPA Inspections, Violations and Enforcement
Regulated facilities under the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, hazardous waste and drinking water laws
- Active regulated facilities
- 1,639,152
- Inspected in 5 years
- 208,813
- 12.7% of facilities
- Formal enforcement actions
- 76,358
- 43,513 facilities
- Penalties assessed
- $10.39B
- 21,477 facilities, 5 years
Facilities by program, nationwide
Share of active facilities in each program; a facility can be in more than one
- Clean Air Act197,01012.0%
- Clean Water Act550,67633.6%
- Hazardous waste (RCRA)893,22754.5%
- Safe Drinking Water Act120,4637.3%
- Toxics Release Inventory21,4371.3%
- Greenhouse gas reporting5,4140.3%
- Inspections, 5 years
- 433,301
- Informal actions
- 789,322
- In violation now
- 72,985
- Significant violators
- 21,368
- Major facilities
- 21,980
- Federal facilities
- 8,913
By state
Active facilities, last five years
Swipe the table sideways to see more columns.
| State | Facilities | Inspected | Formal actions | Penalties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 21,100 | 47.6% | 536 | $126M |
| Alaska | 4,626 | 26.2% | 226 | $61.43M |
| American Samoa | 83 | 18.1% | 9 | $111K |
| Arizona | 10,016 | 13.2% | 435 | $99.7M |
| Arkansas | 10,323 | 24.9% | 1,130 | $20.53M |
| California | 517,088 | 2.1% | 9,325 | $677M |
| Colorado | 36,166 | 18.6% | 1,604 | $166M |
| Connecticut | 10,535 | 10.6% | 287 | $52.09M |
| Delaware | 2,099 | 19.9% | 181 | $20.32M |
| District of Columbia | 1,861 | 34.2% | 100 | $1.07M |
| Florida | 53,510 | 15.8% | 2,173 | $253M |
| Georgia | 67,687 | 10.2% | 1,376 | $176M |
| Guam | 575 | 11.5% | 71 | $391K |
| Hawaii | 3,796 | 12.2% | 375 | $59.05M |
| Idaho | 6,403 | 18.1% | 470 | $111M |
| Illinois | 46,029 | 10.5% | 1,946 | $270M |
| Indiana | 24,820 | 18.8% | 1,775 | $1.85B |
| Iowa | 11,904 | 28.7% | 751 | $94.35M |
| Kansas | 15,881 | 16.6% | 392 | $130M |
| Kentucky | 14,402 | 54.0% | 923 | $161M |
| Louisiana | 39,693 | 11.1% | 4,044 | $71.33M |
| Maine | 5,340 | 13.6% | 187 | $50.1M |
| Maryland | 23,886 | 9.4% | 608 | $121M |
| Massachusetts | 34,187 | 5.7% | 1,705 | $90.65M |
| Michigan | 31,311 | 17.4% | 936 | $326M |
| Minnesota | 38,242 | 5.3% | 1,204 | $108M |
| Mississippi | 10,063 | 26.2% | 304 | $78.34M |
| Missouri | 25,255 | 30.5% | 823 | $116M |
| Montana | 7,684 | 15.3% | 290 | $73.59M |
| Nebraska | 8,723 | 18.0% | 189 | $77.4M |
| Nevada | 8,166 | 9.3% | 233 | $58.53M |
| New Hampshire | 7,858 | 10.7% | 228 | $47.88M |
| New Jersey | 30,616 | 20.6% | 2,747 | $130M |
| New Mexico | 14,969 | 5.9% | 846 | $1.26B |
| New York | 54,661 | 10.2% | 5,294 | $423M |
| North Carolina | 33,733 | 23.0% | 10,638 | $236M |
| North Dakota | 5,671 | 28.8% | 181 | $130M |
| Northern Mariana Islands | 165 | 15.8% | 1 | $0 |
| Ohio | 29,780 | 16.7% | 1,531 | $314M |
| Oklahoma | 22,257 | 14.7% | 2,976 | $15.97M |
| Oregon | 13,668 | 7.4% | 768 | $91.96M |
| Pennsylvania | 58,924 | 32.6% | 2,897 | $374M |
| Puerto Rico | 3,805 | 13.5% | 471 | $23.34M |
| Rhode Island | 3,783 | 14.7% | 212 | $17.36M |
| South Carolina | 21,221 | 17.0% | 1,008 | $115M |
| South Dakota | 4,362 | 30.8% | 144 | $53.6M |
| Tennessee | 21,555 | 44.5% | 1,171 | $150M |
| Texas | 89,790 | 9.5% | 4,934 | $538M |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | 560 | 22.7% | 118 | $8.03M |
| Utah | 19,995 | 14.3% | 628 | $170M |
| Vermont | 5,589 | 16.2% | 102 | $34.64M |
| Virginia | 29,685 | 30.0% | 914 | $131M |
| Washington | 20,147 | 27.6% | 1,660 | $163M |
| West Virginia | 19,132 | 26.0% | 732 | $178M |
| Wisconsin | 30,734 | 6.9% | 1,219 | $209M |
| Wyoming | 5,038 | 36.4% | 330 | $65.28M |
Latest formal enforcement actions
Most recent action date first
Swipe the table sideways to see more columns.
| Facility | City | Formal actions | Penalties | Latest action |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glady Fork Mine | Dunlap | 1 | None | 10/23/2026 |
| Liphatech, INC. | Milwaukee | 1 | None | 10/23/2026 |
| S.c. Johnson & Son, INC. | Racine | 3 | None | 10/23/2026 |
| Trademark Global LLC | Lorain | 2 | $4,390 | 10/23/2026 |
| West Elk Mine | Gunnison County | 1 | None | 10/23/2026 |
| Durango RV Park | Durango | 1 | None | 10/22/2026 |
| Hamilton Township Mua | Not reported | 2 | None | 10/22/2026 |
| Sam's Gas | Christiansted, St Croix | 2 | $7,694 | 10/22/2026 |
| Ausco - Orca-Blue Marlin 44-19 Well Pad | Williamsburg | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Ausco - Trigger/Trumpetfish 22-31 Pad | Rockvale Area | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Ausco Petroleum - Lake/Paiute 34-29 Pad | Coal Creek Area | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Ausco Petroleum - Liberty 32-32 Well Pad | Coal Creek Area | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Ausco Petroleum - Mackinaw / King 12-28 | Florence Area | 2 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Ausco Petroleum - Oilfish 24-30 Well Pad | Rockvale Area | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Ausco Petroleum - Pathfinder #2 Prod Fac | Rockvale Area | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Auto-Chlor System of Jackson | Pearl | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Brigantine Water Department | Brigantine | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Cornell University Environmental Health & Safety | Ithaca | 1 | None | 10/21/2026 |
| Domtar A.w. LLC - Ashdown Mill | Ashdown | 2 | $1.5M | 10/21/2026 |
| Garfield Water Department | Not reported | 2 | None | 10/21/2026 |
Counts come from EPA's Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO) and cover the last five years for inspections, enforcement actions and penalties, and the last 12 quarters for violations. Most inspections and actions are carried out by state and local agencies, and how often they report to EPA varies by state and program. A formal action or penalty is a record of an enforcement step, not a finding about current conditions at a facility. Facility pages list only active businesses and government facilities with a formal action or penalty; facilities that appear to be private homes or individuals are counted in totals but not listed.
Frequently asked questions
- What is a formal enforcement action?
- A formal action is a legally binding step taken by EPA or a state, such as an administrative order, a consent agreement or a civil or criminal case. Informal actions, such as warning letters and notices of violation, are counted separately.
- Why do some states show few inspections?
- Most inspections are carried out by state and local agencies. States report to EPA on different schedules and with different levels of detail, so low counts can reflect reporting rather than fewer inspections.
- Does a violation mean a facility is unsafe?
- No. Violations range from late paperwork to emission limit exceedances. Check the facility report on EPA ECHO for the specific findings and whether they have been resolved.
Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ECHO Exporter · Last updated 10/25/2026