Florida Environment & Hazard Risk
21 counties rated high or very high risk. 35,204 storm events since 1996, #25 among states.
- Expected yearly loss
- $8.8B
- $409 per person
- Storm events since 1996
- 35,204
- Most often thunderstorm wind
- Flood insurance policies
- 1,040,464
- $19.3B in claims paid
- Superfund sites
- 81
- 758 toxic release facilities
Risk by county
FEMA National Risk Index rating, highest risk first
| County | Overall risk | Top hazard | Flood policies | Flood claims paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Miami-Dade County | Very High | Hurricane | 164,154 | $856M |
| Broward County | High | Lightning | 125,204 | $458M |
| Palm Beach County | High | Hurricane | 69,154 | $72.3M |
| Lee County | High | Hurricane | 84,120 | $3.9B |
| Collier County | High | Hurricane | 51,467 | $1.1B |
| Hillsborough County | High | Lightning | 54,179 | $1.2B |
| Orange County | High | Strong wind | 13,113 | $73.1M |
| Brevard County | High | Hurricane | 29,365 | $69.1M |
| Pinellas County | High | Lightning | 76,020 | $3.8B |
| Sarasota County | High | Lightning | 37,772 | $857M |
| Manatee County | High | Hurricane | 28,439 | $651M |
| Duval County | High | Cold wave | 20,676 | $215M |
| Polk County | High | Strong wind | 7,144 | $45.8M |
| Volusia County | High | Lightning | 25,185 | $582M |
| St. Lucie County | High | Hurricane | 10,964 | $84.7M |
| Pasco County | High | Tornado | 23,604 | $693M |
| Indian River County | High | Hurricane | 12,860 | $67M |
| Charlotte County | High | Hurricane | 32,247 | $476M |
| Escambia County | High | Lightning | 10,067 | $732M |
| Marion County | High | Lightning | 3,398 | $6M |
| Citrus County | High | Hurricane | 5,549 | $385M |
| Bay County | Moderate | Hurricane | 13,382 | $338M |
| Martin County | Moderate | Hurricane | 9,539 | $40M |
| Leon County | Moderate | Cold wave | 2,487 | $11.9M |
| Okaloosa County | Moderate | Lightning | 8,128 | $283M |
| Osceola County | Moderate | Strong wind | 7,888 | $25M |
| Lake County | Moderate | Strong wind | 3,776 | $7.3M |
| Monroe County | Moderate | Coastal flooding | 22,181 | $714M |
| Seminole County | Moderate | Tornado | 6,283 | $54.2M |
| Alachua County | Moderate | Lightning | 2,149 | $8.8M |
| Highlands County | Moderate | Strong wind | 964 | $2.6M |
| Santa Rosa County | Moderate | Hurricane | 9,799 | $528M |
| Walton County | Moderate | Hurricane | 8,647 | $68.5M |
| Hernando County | Moderate | Hurricane | 4,089 | $138M |
| Sumter County | Moderate | Hurricane | 2,912 | $1.5M |
| St. Johns County | Moderate | Hurricane | 22,491 | $252M |
| Flagler County | Moderate | Hurricane | 7,540 | $78.4M |
| DeSoto County | Moderate | Hurricane | 434 | $17.1M |
| Clay County | Moderate | Lightning | 4,005 | $76.3M |
| Okeechobee County | Low | Hurricane | 1,244 | $1.9M |
| Putnam County | Low | Hurricane | 1,038 | $10.7M |
| Hendry County | Low | Lightning | 657 | $742K |
| Jackson County | Low | Hurricane | 104 | $877K |
| Gadsden County | Low | Hurricane | 79 | $328K |
| Suwannee County | Low | Hurricane | 436 | $8.4M |
| Columbia County | Low | Lightning | 654 | $7.5M |
| Hardee County | Low | Strong wind | 118 | $6.1M |
| Levy County | Low | Hurricane | 840 | $55.3M |
| Taylor County | Low | Hurricane | 669 | $37.4M |
| Gulf County | Low | Hurricane | 1,610 | $94.7M |
| Washington County | Low | Hurricane | 117 | $4.6M |
| Nassau County | Low | Hurricane | 6,287 | $12.7M |
| Holmes County | Low | Hurricane | 99 | $2.8M |
| Glades County | Low | Wildfire | 185 | $394K |
| Madison County | Low | Hurricane | 88 | $1.5M |
| Wakulla County | Low | Hurricane | 1,131 | $34.4M |
| Franklin County | Low | Hurricane | 1,984 | $46.6M |
| Calhoun County | Low | Hurricane | 80 | $2.1M |
| Hamilton County | Low | Hurricane | 52 | $1.6M |
| Jefferson County | Very Low | Hurricane | 75 | $88K |
| Bradford County | Very Low | Hurricane | 436 | $4.2M |
| Dixie County | Very Low | Hurricane | 556 | $21.4M |
| Gilchrist County | Very Low | Hurricane | 180 | $2.2M |
| Lafayette County | Very Low | Hurricane | 146 | $2.5M |
| Baker County | Very Low | Wildfire | 146 | $2.9M |
| Liberty County | Very Low | Hurricane | 13 | $132K |
| Union County | Very Low | Hurricane | 65 | $500K |
Storm events by type
Since 1996: 1,313 deaths, $84.6B in property and crop damage
- Thunderstorm Wind12,193 · 32 deaths
- Hail4,660
- Heavy Rain1,800 · 5 deaths
- Lightning1,786 · 179 deaths
- Tornado1,730 · 90 deaths
- Flood1,582 · 13 deaths
- Drought1,541
- Flash Flood1,426 · 9 deaths
- Tropical Storm1,357 · 118 deaths
- Funnel Cloud1,099
- Frost/Freeze862
- Waterspout751
Events per year
Most damaging storms
Since 2017, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage
- Hurricane (Typhoon)09/28/2022
Coastal Lee
60 deaths, $7B damage
What happened
The highest wind reported in Lee County from Hurricane Ian was a gust to 140 mph at a weatherSTEM station at the Cape Coral yacht club at 4:20 PM EST on September 28. Catastrophic damage was caused by the storm surge that most severely affected coastal areas. Surveys indicate a maximum storm surge near 15 feet near the northwest part of Fort Myers Beach, with widespread 10 to 12 feet of inundation across parts of Fort Myers, Fort Myers Beach and Bonita Beach, with all of Fort Myers Beach and Bonita Beach experiencing 6 to 8 feet of inundation. The peak recorded water level of 7.26 feet above MHHW at Fort Myers along the Caloosahatchee River at 5:30 PM EST on September 28 surpassed the previous record of 3.36 feet above MHHW, set during Hurricane Gabrielle in 2001. Structures on barrier islands were washed away, and causeways and bridges partially collapsed or were heavily damaged. Rainfall generally ranged from 5 to 10 inches with a maximum of 9.82 inches reported south of Charlotte Park. Lee County emergency management reported over 50,000 buildings damaged, of which 5,369 were destroyed, 14,245 received major damage, 16,314 received minor damage, and another 17,871 were...
- Hurricane (Typhoon)10/10/2018
Coastal Bay
21 deaths, $6B damage
What happened
Hurricane Michael started as typical weak October Caribbean tropical system. However, after approximately a week of slow development, the system moved into warm Gulf of Mexico waters and rapidly intensified into a major hurricane as it moved north towards the Florida Panhandle. After a 2-day long intensification period over the eastern Gulf, Michael made landfall as an unprecedented (for the region) high-end category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale in the Florida Panhandle with maximum sustained wind speed of 155 mph and a minimum pressure 919 mb. Based on wind, Michael is the fourth most powerful hurricane to hit the United States, behind the Labor Day Hurricane (1935), Hurricane Camille (1969) and Hurricane Andrew (1992), and the most powerful storm to impact the Florida Panhandle in recorded history. Based on central pressure, Michael is the third most powerful hurricane to hit the United States, behind only the Labor Day Hurricane (1935) and Hurricane Camille (1969). The storm caused catastrophic damage from wind and storm surge, particularly in the Panama City Beach to Mexico Beach to Cape San Blas areas. The widespread catastrophic damage spread...
- Hurricane (Typhoon)09/28/2022
Coastal Charlotte
8 deaths, $3B damage
What happened
The highest wind reported in Charlotte County from Hurricane Ian was a gust to 111 mph near Grove city at 3:26 PM EST on September 28. Rainfall generally ranged from 5 to 10 inches over the eastern half of the county, to 15 to 25 inches across western and coastal locations, where an event-maximum total of 26.95 inches was reported near Grove City. Initial assessments reported over 200 homes destroyed; however, assessments remain ongoing, with additional structures likely damaged or destroyed. There were 8 fatalities directly attributed to Hurricane Ian by the medical examiner.
- Hurricane (Typhoon)09/28/2022
Coastal Collier County
$2.2B damage
What happened
Wind gusts of 100-110 mph were measured at about 100-150 feet above ground level over western Collier county at the Naples Grande Resort, at Kalea Bay, and at Naples Municipal Airport. Peak near-surface wind gusts were likely in the 80-90 mph range. Wind damage was mainly confined to trees/fences/screens, with minor wind damage to vulnerable structures. ||Estimated highest number of customers without power was 201,095 as of 3 PM on September 29th. ||Reported damage estimate for the entire county is $2.2 billion, which includes storm surge-related damage. Of that, $1.7 billion is to residential properties and $492 million to commercial properties. A total of 33 buildings were destroyed, with 3,515 residential and commercial buildings suffering major damage. Breakdown of damage amount by|City/area: unincorporated Collier County $948 million, city of Naples $989|Million, Marco Island $256 million, Everglades City $7.1 million.
- Hurricane (Typhoon)09/28/2022
Coastal Sarasota
8 deaths, $2B damage
What happened
The highest wind reported in Sarasota County from Hurricane Ian was a gust to 109 mph at Tarpon Point at 12:56 PM EST on September 28. Rainfall generally ranged from 8 to 12 inches over the northern third of the county, to 15 to 20 inches across central and southern locations, where a maximum total of 21.45 inches was reported northeast of Northport. The Myakka river at Myakka River State Park reached a record level of 12.84 feet on October 1 at 11:45 PM EST, and area flooding prompted closure of Interstate 75 and offramps near heaviest affected flooding locations. There were 8 fatalities directly attributed to Hurricane Ian by the medical examiner.
- Hurricane (Typhoon)09/26/2024
Inland Dixie
3 deaths, $1.1B damage
What happened
One person was killed when a tree fell through their house. Two others died from cardiac arrest. There were 120 people in the mini temporary hospital that was set up. Nearly all customers lost power due to widespread downed power lines and trees.
Flood insurance
National Flood Insurance Program policies and claims
1,040,464 homes in Florida have flood insurance, about 13.7% of residential buildings. In high-risk flood zones, 674,369 of 1,007,351 homes (67%) are insured.
- Hurricane Helene$6.5B · 54,670 claims
- Hurricane Ian$4.8B · 47,551 claims
- Hurricane Milton$1.2B · 21,662 claims
- Hurricane Irma$985M · 28,725 claims
- Hurricane Ivan$967M · 12,930 claims
- Hurricane Opal$387M · 11,955 claims
Drinking water
1,593 community water systems serve about 22,112,177 people
Since 2021, 124 systems reported 546 health-based violations. 429 systems had a violation of any kind still open at last report. These had the most:
- Hidden Acres EstatesServes 250 · Groundwater · Private25 health violations+11 monitoring or reporting
- RpumaServes 1,000 · Groundwater · Private23 health violations+32 monitoring or reporting
- Town of Fort White WtpServes 750 · Groundwater · Local government23 health violations+12 monitoring or reporting
- Sumterville Water Treatment PlantServes 500 · Groundwater · Local government18 health violations+7 monitoring or reporting
- R.c. Willis Wtp (City of Palatka)Serves 11,900 · Groundwater · Local government15 health violations+22 monitoring or reporting
- Dade Juvenile Residential FacilityServes 75 · Groundwater · Private15 health violations+52 monitoring or reporting
- Riverlandings Water Treatment PlantServes 134 · Surface water · Private14 health violations+2 monitoring or reporting
- Holiday Travel ParkServes 85 · Groundwater · Public and private14 health violations+9 monitoring or reporting
Select a county above to see every system that serves it.
Pollution sites
81 Superfund sites and 758 toxic release facilities
Superfund sites
- Agrico Chemical co.Final NPL Site, Pensacola
- Airco Plating co.Final NPL Site, Miami
- Alaric Area gw PlumeFinal NPL Site, Tampa
- American Creosote Works, Inc. (Pensacola Plant)Final NPL Site, Pensacola
- Anodyne, Inc.Final NPL Site, North Miami Beach
- Arkla Terra PropertyFinal NPL Site, Thonotosassa
- Cabot/KoppersFinal NPL Site, Gainesville
- Chevron Chemical co. (Ortho Division)Final NPL Site, Orlando
Largest toxic releases
- Ascend Performance Materials Operations LLC22.0 million lbs, Cantonment
- Envirofocus Technologies2.1 million lbs, Tampa
- Westrock1.5 million lbs, Fernandina Beach
- Northside Generating Station1.3 million lbs, Jacksonville
- International Paper Pensacola Mill1.2 million lbs, Cantonment
- Mosaic Fertilizer Llc-New Wales Plant1.2 million lbs, Mulberry
- Mosaic Fertilizer Llc-Bartow1.0 million lbs, Bartow
- US Sugar Corp-Clewiston Sugar House788,280 lbs, Clewiston
Facilities in Florida reported 43.2 million lbs of toxic releases in 2024, 13.3 million lbs of it into the air.
Frequently asked questions
- What is the biggest natural hazard in Florida?
- By expected annual loss, hurricane costs the most in Florida ($4.3B a year), according to FEMA's National Risk Index.
- How many storms hit Florida each year?
- NOAA recorded 35,204 storm events in Florida since 1996, about 1,136 a year. The most common type is thunderstorm wind.
- How many hurricanes have hit Florida?
- Florida has had 108 hurricane landfalls since 1851, including 40 major hurricanes of Category 3 or stronger.
- How many homes in Florida have flood insurance?
- 1,040,464 residential flood insurance policies are in force in Florida. Since 1978 the National Flood Insurance Program has paid $19.3B on 447,174 claims here.
- How many Superfund sites are in Florida?
- Florida has 81 Superfund sites on or deleted from EPA's National Priorities List.
Source: FEMA, NOAA, EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch each county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.