Texas Environment & Hazard Risk
16 counties rated high or very high risk. 134,917 storm events since 1996, #1 among states.
- Expected yearly loss
- $12.35B
- $424 per person
- Storm events since 1996
- 134,917
- Most often hail
- Flood insurance policies
- 504,754
- $17.4B in claims paid
- Superfund sites
- 70
- 1,950 toxic release facilities
Risk by county
FEMA National Risk Index rating, highest risk first
| County | Overall risk | Top hazard | Flood policies | Flood claims paid |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harris County | Very High | Hurricane | 206,279 | $8.76B |
| Dallas County | Very High | Hail | 4,809 | $69.59M |
| Bexar County | High | Hail | 4,411 | $33.81M |
| Tarrant County | High | Hail | 4,999 | $61.61M |
| Hidalgo County | High | Cold wave | 9,038 | $118M |
| Collin County | High | Tornado | 1,451 | $5.33M |
| Travis County | High | Tornado | 6,295 | $115M |
| Fort Bend County | High | Lightning | 39,537 | $451M |
| Cameron County | High | Cold wave | 12,201 | $185M |
| Denton County | High | Tornado | 1,740 | $10.54M |
| Nueces County | High | Cold wave | 19,656 | $187M |
| Lubbock County | High | Drought | 765 | $2.74M |
| Montgomery County | High | Lightning | 21,232 | $634M |
| Jefferson County | High | Lightning | 18,645 | $1.19B |
| El Paso County | High | Winter weather | 2,695 | $6.35M |
| Galveston County | High | Cold wave | 52,889 | $2.47B |
| Brazoria County | Moderate | Tornado | 27,418 | $632M |
| Comal County | Moderate | Hail | 1,500 | $60.79M |
| Guadalupe County | Moderate | Tornado | 2,244 | $110M |
| McLennan County | Moderate | Tornado | 770 | $6.71M |
| Bell County | Moderate | Hail | 837 | $14.45M |
| Hays County | Moderate | Hail | 1,620 | $71.71M |
| Potter County | Moderate | Winter weather | 161 | $5.43M |
| Williamson County | Moderate | Hail | 1,949 | $22.26M |
| Webb County | Moderate | Heat wave | 484 | $6.79M |
| Brazos County | Moderate | Cold wave | 1,266 | $7.61M |
| Gregg County | Moderate | Ice storm | 258 | $3.99M |
| Randall County | Moderate | Winter weather | 304 | $3.31M |
| Johnson County | Moderate | Tornado | 510 | $4.93M |
| Jim Wells County | Moderate | Cold wave | 377 | $1.63M |
| Victoria County | Moderate | Hurricane | 939 | $11.26M |
| Orange County | Moderate | Lightning | 11,071 | $1.04B |
| Gonzales County | Moderate | Hail | 134 | $6.4M |
| San Patricio County | Moderate | Hurricane | 2,174 | $19.78M |
| Starr County | Moderate | Cold wave | 152 | $2.03M |
| Henderson County | Moderate | Cold wave | 225 | $3.43M |
| Kleberg County | Moderate | Cold wave | 450 | $2.16M |
| Smith County | Moderate | Heat wave | 458 | $4.7M |
| DeWitt County | Moderate | Hurricane | 200 | $5.91M |
| Taylor County | Moderate | Hail | 1,923 | $15.63M |
| Wharton County | Moderate | Hurricane | 1,617 | $51.96M |
| Ector County | Moderate | Hail | 830 | $2.54M |
| Hunt County | Moderate | Ice storm | 159 | $1.63M |
| Wichita County | Moderate | Hail | 602 | $19.9M |
| Parmer County | Moderate | Drought | 1 | - |
| Ellis County | Moderate | Hail | 469 | $6.04M |
| Midland County | Moderate | Hail | 1,038 | $1.58M |
| Bastrop County | Moderate | Tornado | 474 | $9.93M |
| Parker County | Moderate | Wildfire | 429 | $4.48M |
| Nacogdoches County | Low | Strong wind | 114 | $4.09M |
| Matagorda County | Low | Hurricane | 2,405 | $24.93M |
| Grayson County | Low | Hail | 281 | $18.29M |
| Caldwell County | Low | Hail | 231 | $7.36M |
| Lamar County | Low | Ice storm | 117 | $2.57M |
| Liberty County | Low | Lightning | 1,918 | $109M |
| Bowie County | Low | Hail | 215 | $5.17M |
| Lavaca County | Low | Cold wave | 142 | $1.5M |
| Hale County | Low | Hail | 57 | $34.35K |
| Harrison County | Low | Ice storm | 169 | $5.67M |
| Willacy County | Low | Cold wave | 588 | $5.03M |
| Tom Green County | Low | Drought | 579 | $6.52M |
| Kerr County | Low | Lightning | 520 | $21.75M |
| Burnet County | Low | Wildfire | 1,202 | $24.81M |
| Kaufman County | Low | Hail | 227 | $2.07M |
| Val Verde County | Low | Wildfire | 189 | $3.64M |
| Polk County | Low | Lightning | 549 | $10.06M |
| Wilson County | Low | Hail | 173 | $2.02M |
| Navarro County | Low | Tornado | 143 | $2.59M |
| Erath County | Low | Wildfire | 56 | $670K |
| Walker County | Low | Tornado | 485 | $15.59M |
| Anderson County | Low | Tornado | 42 | $293K |
| Cooke County | Low | Drought | 161 | $10.48M |
| Hill County | Low | Cold wave | 71 | $463K |
| Washington County | Low | Hurricane | 180 | $1.67M |
| Angelina County | Low | Heat wave | 310 | $5.4M |
| Jackson County | Low | Hurricane | 470 | $3.4M |
| Hopkins County | Low | Ice storm | 55 | $304K |
| Rockwall County | Low | Tornado | 158 | $1.48M |
| Hood County | Low | Tornado | 458 | $3.58M |
| Llano County | Low | Hail | 1,038 | $20.02M |
| Waller County | Low | Drought | 1,927 | $44.04M |
| Uvalde County | Low | Drought | 214 | $6.72M |
| Hardin County | Low | Lightning | 2,595 | $191M |
| Medina County | Low | Drought | 357 | $3.68M |
| Fannin County | Low | Drought | 139 | $1.74M |
| Hutchinson County | Low | Drought | 5 | $14.52K |
| Upshur County | Low | Ice storm | 31 | $181K |
| Bandera County | Low | Wildfire | 232 | $5.89M |
| Calhoun County | Low | Hurricane | 1,585 | $8.02M |
| Kendall County | Low | Hail | 379 | $4.54M |
| Brown County | Low | Hail | 387 | $9.6M |
| Red River County | Low | Ice storm | 1 | - |
| Maverick County | Low | Heat wave | 121 | $5.57M |
| Coryell County | Low | Tornado | 119 | $1.11M |
| Wood County | Low | Ice storm | 63 | $155K |
| Bee County | Low | Hurricane | 235 | $1.33M |
| Colorado County | Low | Drought | 303 | $4.42M |
| Moore County | Low | Drought | 10 | - |
| Deaf Smith County | Low | Drought | 5 | $33.02K |
| Cherokee County | Low | Strong wind | 107 | $625K |
| Lamb County | Low | Hail | 7 | - |
| Aransas County | Low | Hurricane | 3,808 | $64.32M |
| Jasper County | Low | Hurricane | 285 | $7.53M |
| Tyler County | Low | Hurricane | 116 | $3.93M |
| Brooks County | Low | Cold wave | 88 | $1.17M |
| Atascosa County | Low | Drought | 139 | $516K |
| Houston County | Low | Lightning | 65 | $383K |
| Trinity County | Low | Cold wave | 40 | $2.53M |
| Gray County | Low | Drought | 3 | $5,051 |
| Limestone County | Low | Cold wave | 60 | $4.8M |
| Wise County | Low | Wildfire | 156 | $2.5M |
| San Jacinto County | Low | Tornado | 379 | $10.18M |
| Van Zandt County | Low | Strong wind | 107 | $1.56M |
| Karnes County | Low | Drought | 28 | $105K |
| Leon County | Low | Drought | 34 | $130K |
| Milam County | Low | Drought | 46 | $200K |
| Fayette County | Low | Hurricane | 171 | $8.35M |
| Gillespie County | Low | Wildfire | 153 | $738K |
| Gaines County | Low | Hail | 7 | $57.75K |
| Grimes County | Low | Drought | 197 | $1.39M |
| Freestone County | Low | Cold wave | 28 | $587K |
| Frio County | Low | Drought | 7 | $56.86K |
| Shelby County | Low | Strong wind | 23 | $99.03K |
| Panola County | Low | Strong wind | 13 | $67.17K |
| Palo Pinto County | Low | Hail | 127 | $1.39M |
| Montague County | Low | Drought | 63 | $1.46M |
| Howard County | Low | Hail | 47 | $480K |
| Duval County | Low | Cold wave | 23 | $299K |
| Rusk County | Low | Strong wind | 57 | $383K |
| Zavala County | Low | Drought | 59 | $776K |
| Austin County | Low | Drought | 474 | $14.25M |
| Terry County | Low | Hail | 6 | $84.44K |
| Chambers County | Low | Hurricane | 3,453 | $129M |
| Hockley County | Low | Hail | 47 | $132K |
| Dallam County | Low | Drought | 9 | $884 |
| Comanche County | Low | Wildfire | 28 | $73.5K |
| Cass County | Low | Ice storm | 20 | $773K |
| Titus County | Low | Ice storm | 25 | $249K |
| Wilbarger County | Low | Drought | 13 | $187K |
| Yoakum County | Low | Drought | 30 | $72.63K |
| Jim Hogg County | Low | Cold wave | 12 | $37.06K |
| Real County | Very Low | Wildfire | 125 | $684K |
| Bailey County | Very Low | Drought | 12 | - |
| Hansford County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $966 |
| Wheeler County | Very Low | Drought | 7 | $29.96K |
| Eastland County | Very Low | Wildfire | 71 | $5.13M |
| Lee County | Very Low | Cold wave | 27 | $648K |
| Camp County | Very Low | Ice storm | - | $6,887 |
| Dawson County | Very Low | Drought | 12 | $143K |
| Jones County | Very Low | Hail | 71 | $3.96M |
| Nolan County | Very Low | Drought | 61 | $1.11M |
| Refugio County | Very Low | Hurricane | 101 | $1.95M |
| Swisher County | Very Low | Hail | 12 | $9,064 |
| Bosque County | Very Low | Lightning | 60 | $1.49M |
| Young County | Very Low | Drought | 56 | $498K |
| Dimmit County | Very Low | Heat wave | 21 | $476K |
| Madison County | Very Low | Drought | 30 | $452K |
| Ochiltree County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Hall County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $2,761 |
| Morris County | Very Low | Ice storm | 14 | $26.91K |
| Castro County | Very Low | Hail | 4 | - |
| Live Oak County | Very Low | Cold wave | 95 | $928K |
| Hartley County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $3,535 |
| Blanco County | Very Low | Drought | 84 | $2.49M |
| Kimble County | Very Low | Lightning | 40 | $389K |
| Zapata County | Very Low | Cold wave | 30 | $97.64K |
| Floyd County | Very Low | Hail | 1 | - |
| Sherman County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Scurry County | Very Low | Drought | 5 | $14.11K |
| Lampasas County | Very Low | Wildfire | 100 | $755K |
| Robertson County | Very Low | Hurricane | 135 | $1.45M |
| Marion County | Very Low | Ice storm | 11 | $690K |
| Burleson County | Very Low | Drought | 82 | $1.49M |
| Kenedy County | Very Low | Cold wave | 2 | $59.33K |
| Lipscomb County | Very Low | Drought | 12 | $238K |
| Collingsworth County | Very Low | Drought | 20 | $17.32K |
| Newton County | Very Low | Hurricane | 268 | $27.96M |
| Donley County | Very Low | Drought | 5 | $7,175 |
| Runnels County | Very Low | Drought | 10 | $140K |
| Falls County | Very Low | Tornado | 2 | $178K |
| Carson County | Very Low | Drought | 9 | $36.31K |
| Pecos County | Very Low | Drought | 9 | - |
| Franklin County | Very Low | Ice storm | 10 | $326K |
| Crosby County | Very Low | Drought | 7 | $32.52K |
| Lynn County | Very Low | Hail | 1 | $21.73K |
| Goliad County | Very Low | Hurricane | 43 | $424K |
| La Salle County | Very Low | Cold wave | 3 | $114K |
| Sabine County | Very Low | Hurricane | 8 | $25.64K |
| Brewster County | Very Low | Wildfire | 134 | $52.17K |
| Coleman County | Very Low | Hail | 14 | $139K |
| Armstrong County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Garza County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $11.85K |
| Martin County | Very Low | Drought | 7 | $390 |
| Mitchell County | Very Low | Drought | 2 | $52.9K |
| Childress County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $7,800 |
| Reeves County | Very Low | Drought | 14 | $1,020 |
| Knox County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | - |
| San Augustine County | Very Low | Strong wind | 29 | $82.28K |
| Baylor County | Very Low | Drought | 8 | $22.6K |
| Hemphill County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Ward County | Very Low | Wildfire | 3 | - |
| Callahan County | Very Low | Hail | 8 | $46.08K |
| Clay County | Very Low | Wildfire | 38 | $1.68M |
| Rains County | Very Low | Ice storm | 13 | $255K |
| Dickens County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Hamilton County | Very Low | Wildfire | 5 | $5,523 |
| Cochran County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | - |
| Cottle County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Haskell County | Very Low | Drought | 54 | $2.33M |
| Culberson County | Very Low | Drought | 5 | $63.11K |
| Jack County | Very Low | Wildfire | 8 | $284K |
| Mason County | Very Low | Drought | 9 | $119K |
| Somervell County | Very Low | Wildfire | 47 | $633K |
| Presidio County | Very Low | Drought | 18 | $24.03K |
| McCulloch County | Very Low | Drought | 16 | $18.99K |
| Oldham County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Stephens County | Very Low | Wildfire | 89 | $896K |
| Andrews County | Very Low | Drought | 2 | - |
| Delta County | Very Low | Ice storm | - | $2,841 |
| Briscoe County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Hardeman County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Archer County | Very Low | Wildfire | 39 | $889K |
| Upton County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| San Saba County | Very Low | Drought | 78 | $1.27M |
| Sutton County | Very Low | Wildfire | 12 | $894K |
| Reagan County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Crockett County | Very Low | Wildfire | 19 | $26.66K |
| Edwards County | Very Low | Wildfire | - | - |
| Borden County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Mills County | Very Low | Wildfire | 2 | - |
| Concho County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $26.34K |
| Foard County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | - |
| Glasscock County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Winkler County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Stonewall County | Very Low | Drought | - | $5,952 |
| Schleicher County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | - |
| Coke County | Very Low | Wildfire | 7 | - |
| Throckmorton County | Very Low | Drought | 1 | $159K |
| Motley County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Roberts County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Menard County | Very Low | Drought | 70 | $290K |
| Jeff Davis County | Very Low | Wildfire | 10 | - |
| Hudspeth County | Very Low | Drought | 5 | $245K |
| Kinney County | Very Low | Drought | 14 | $159K |
| Fisher County | Very Low | Drought | - | $66.59K |
| Irion County | Very Low | Wildfire | 5 | $13.41K |
| Shackelford County | Very Low | Wildfire | 15 | $114K |
| Crane County | Very Low | Wildfire | - | - |
| Sterling County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| Kent County | Very Low | Drought | - | - |
| McMullen County | Very Low | Hurricane | 10 | $642 |
| Terrell County | Very Low | Wildfire | 2 | $5,159 |
| King County | Very Low | Wildfire | - | - |
| Loving County | Very Low | Hurricane | - | - |
Costliest hazards
Expected annual loss in Texas, all counties combined
- Tornado$2.37B/yr · 47 counties high
- Hurricane$1.27B/yr · 17 counties high
- Cold wave$1.09B/yr · 43 counties high
- Hail$835M/yr · 39 counties high
- Heat wave$797M/yr · 13 counties high
- Drought$411M/yr · 77 counties high
- Strong wind$190M/yr · 44 counties high
- Lightning$128M/yr · 46 counties high
- Wildfire$126M/yr
- Ice storm$82.75M/yr · 43 counties high
Storm events by type
Since 1996: 1,996 deaths, $120B in property and crop damage
- Hail40,532 · 5 deaths
- Thunderstorm Wind26,710 · 73 deaths
- Drought18,626
- Flash Flood14,026 · 552 deaths
- High Wind5,951 · 7 deaths
- Heat4,871 · 418 deaths
- Tornado4,186 · 116 deaths
- Winter Weather3,139 · 102 deaths
- Winter Storm2,230 · 49 deaths
- Excessive Heat1,956 · 80 deaths
- Flood1,854 · 47 deaths
- Wildfire1,492 · 39 deaths
Events per year
Most damaging storms
Since 2017, ranked by deaths, injuries and damage
- Flash Flood08/27/2017
Joyce, Harris County
38 deaths, $10B damage
What happened
There were numerous water rescues within Houston and the surrounding suburbs. Flood waters completely inundated thousands of homes and businesses. Roads and highways in and around Houston were flooded and therefore closed for long time periods. Catastrophic flooding occurred on nearly every one of the 22 watersheds in Harris County. 10 out of the 19 bayous in the county reached record crests and flooding. There was widespread flooding along Buffalo Bayou and upstream and downstream of both Addicks and Barkers Reservoirs due to record level pool elevations. There was major flooding of hundreds of homes within numerous neighboring subdivisions along the San Jacinto River and the East Fork of the San Jacinto River.|There were numerous water rescues within Houston and the surrounding suburbs. Roads and highways in and around Houston inundated and closed due to flash flooding. ||Some of the reported flooded roads in Pasadena were Vista Street, Shafer Street, Fairmont Drive and Strawberry Road.
- Flash Flood08/27/2017
San Leon, Galveston County
6 deaths, $10B damage
What happened
There were numerous water rescues across western and central Galveston County. Flood waters completely inundated hundreds to thousands of homes and businesses in League City, Dickinson and Santa Fe. Approximately 7,000 homes and 125 businesses were impacted by flood waters across the county. Clear Creek measured record levels that lead to the widespread flooding throughout Friendswood and League City. Major flooding occurred along the Dickinson Bayou; from Cemetery Road to east of Highway 3 along FM 517. Flood waters inundated sections of Interstate 45, Bay Area Boulevard, FM 528, FM 518 and numerous primary and secondary county roads. Approximately 7,000 homes and 125 businesses were impacted by flood waters across the county. Clear Creek measured record levels that lead to the widespread flooding throughout Friendswood and League City. Major flooding occurred along the Dickinson Bayou; from Cemetery Road to east of Highway 3 along FM 517. Flood waters inundated sections of Interstate 45, Bay Area Boulevard, FM 528, FM 518 and numerous primary and secondary county roads. There were numerous water rescues and flooded homes within the Friendswood, Pearland and Dickinson areas.
- Flash Flood08/27/2017
Kendleton, Fort Bend County
3 deaths, $8B damage
What happened
There were numerous road closures around the Rosenberg and Richmond areas. Some of these roads included Highway 90 at Highway 36 and Lane Drive, Lane Drive at Mustang Road and I-69 at FM 762 and Reading Road. Major record level flooding of both the Brazos and San Bernard Rivers caused significant home flooding from Richmond to Rosharon. Massive flooding occurred in Tierra Grande subdivision along the San Bernard River in southwestern Fort Bend County. Home flooding occurred at Valley Lodge in Simonton, along Edgewood and Baudet Roads in Richmond, along Bar, Barker, Cumings, Sixth Street, Avenue B and Rio Brazos Roads in Rosenberg. Sections of FM 2759 as well as the Grand River, Rivers Edge and Pecan Estates in Thompsons flooded. Many countywide roads became inundated in flood waters including, but not limited to, Highway 90A, Pitts Road, FM 1489, FM 723, FM 1093, FM 359, SH 6 feeder roads, Sienna Parkway, Carrol Road, McKeever Road, Knights Court, Miller Road, river Oaks Road, Thompsons Ferry Road, Strange Drive, Greenwood Drive, Second Street and low lying roads in Quail Valley in Missouri City. Due to record pool levels in Barker Reservoir, homes in Cinco Ranch flooded. Big...
- Flash Flood08/28/2017
Boy, Montgomery County
4 deaths, $7B damage
What happened
Tropical Storm Harvey brought heavy rains and catastrophic flooding to portions of Montgomery County. There were 5 storm related fatalities, 3 direct. Major record flooding occurred along the San Jacinto River and tributaries. Water was reported over sections of I-45 northbound where TXDOT reported flooding at the FM 1097 intersection. Water was reported over sections of I-45 northbound where TXDOT reported flooding at the FM 1097 intersection. Record pool levels on Lake Conroe required downstream releases that flooded numerous downstream homes, businesses and vehicles. Major flooding occurred along the San Jacinto River and the east Fork of the San Jacinto and its tributaries inundated tens to hundreds of residential subdivisions. There were hundreds of flooded homes along Lake, Spring, Peach and Caney Creeks. There were impassable roads due to high water at Horseshoe Circle and Painted Blvd off the Grand Parkway, 19000 block of David Memorial from Sam's Club to Shenandoah Park, the 11000 block of River Oaks Drive, the 45 northbound lanes at Highway 242 and Hines Road in Willis. Flash flooding led to numerous road closures including FM149, FM1484, FM1485, FM1486, FM1774,...
- Flash Flood08/27/2017
Griffing, Jefferson County
5 deaths, 1 injured, $3B damage
What happened
Widespread and long duration rainfall produced a storm total rainfall over 40 inches across a large portion of the county. The highest rainfall totals in Jefferson County were 60.58 inches 1.5 mile southwest of Nederland and 60.54 inches 1.3 mile north of Groves. This resulted in over 64,000 homes being flooded. The hardest hit areas were Port Arthur, Groves, Bevil Oaks, Hamphire, Fannet, China, and northeast Beaumont. Several refineries in the county also received floodwaters and were offline for an extended period. City and county infrastructure was also damaged with water pumps and treatment plants being inundated. Record crests were observed along Pine Island and the lower Neches. 5 deaths were reported by flooding.
- Flash Flood08/27/2017
Pearland, Brazoria County
$2B damage
What happened
Flash flood waters, from sheet flooding and bayous/creeks coming out of banks, completely inundated hundreds to thousands of homes and businesses. Roads and highways in and around Pearland and south into Manvel, or east of Highway 288 along Highway 6, were flooded and therefore closed for long time periods. Major record flooding of the Brazos, San Bernard and Oyster Creek caused the flooding of hundreds to thousands of vicinity homes, vehicles and businesses. Numerous Roads and homes were inundated with flood waters on east side of Oyster Creek including the Columbia Lakes, Mallard Lakes, Great Lakes, Riverside Estates and Bar X subdivisions as well as homes along CR 39. Other county roads that became impassable due to high flood waters include, but are not limited to, FM 1462, Highways 35 and 90, FM 950, CR 25, 380A, CR 42 and FM 521. The Phillips refinery outside of the town of Sweeny took on water from the west near Little Linville Bayou. Hanson Riverside County Park along the San Bernard River southwest of West Columbia was inundated and water over-topped the Phillips Terminal. Areas around Alvin also flooded.
Hurricanes and tropical storms
56 hurricane landfalls since 1851, 19 of them major (Category 3+)
- Hurricane Beryl (2024)06/28/2024 · Landfall: TX · 932 mbCategory 5167 mph peak
- Tropical Storm Harold (2023)08/21/2023 · Landfall: TX · 995 mbTropical storm58 mph peak
- Hurricane Nicholas (2021)09/12/2021 · Landfall: TX · 988 mbCategory 175 mph peak
- Tropical Storm Beta (2020)09/17/2020 · Landfall: TX · 993 mbTropical storm63 mph peak
- Hurricane Hanna (2020)07/23/2020 · Landfall: TX · 973 mbCategory 192 mph peak
- Tropical Storm Imelda (2019)09/17/2019 · Landfall: TX · 1,003 mbTropical storm46 mph peak
- Hurricane Harvey (2017)08/16/2017 · Landfall: TX, LA · 937 mbCategory 4132 mph peak
- Tropical Storm Cindy (2017)06/20/2017 · Landfall: LA · 991 mbTropical storm58 mph peak
- Tropical Storm Bill (2015)06/16/2015 · Landfall: TX · 997 mbTropical storm58 mph peak
- Tropical Storm Don (2011)07/27/2011 · Landfall: TX · 997 mbTropical storm52 mph peak
Flood insurance
National Flood Insurance Program policies and claims
504,754 homes in Texas have flood insurance, about 5.8% of residential buildings. In high-risk flood zones, 171,141 of 360,062 homes (48%) are insured.
- Hurricane Harvey$9.04B · 91,789 claims
- Hurricane Ike$2.23B · 44,084 claims
- Tropical Storm Allison$1.02B · 30,711 claims
- Flooding$808M · 52,829 claims
- Tropical Storm Imelda$752M · 10,923 claims
- Spring severe storms$473M · 8,412 claims
Drinking water
4,757 community water systems serve about 33,224,489 people
Since 2021, 1,547 systems reported 7,407 health-based violations. 1,360 systems had a violation of any kind still open at last report. These had the most:
- Cassie Water SystemServes 106 · Groundwater (surface influenced) · Private128 health violations+188 monitoring or reporting
- City of Brady Water SystemServes 5,371 · Groundwater · Local government112 health violations+3 monitoring or reporting
- Stormlight Mobile Home ParkServes 76 · Groundwater · Private84 health violations+198 monitoring or reporting
- Valley EstatesServes 68 · Groundwater · Private82 health violations+413 monitoring or reporting
- City of Rose CityServes 664 · Surface water · Local government80 health violations+153 monitoring or reporting
- Millersview Doole WscServes 3,987 · Surface water · Local government73 health violations+21 monitoring or reporting
- Grassland WscServes 55 · Groundwater · Local government68 health violations+88 monitoring or reporting
- Country View MhpServes 54 · Groundwater · Private67 health violations+386 monitoring or reporting
Select a county above to see every system that serves it.
Climate in the largest cities
1991-2020 normals from the nearest NOAA weather station
| City | July high | Jan low | Rain | Snow |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Houston | 93°F | 44°F | 54.1 in | - |
| San Antonio | 94°F | 40°F | 34.0 in | 0.1 in |
| Dallas | 97°F | 38°F | 38.3 in | 1.7 in |
| Austin | 97°F | 42°F | 36.3 in | 0.2 in |
| Fort Worth | 97°F | 37°F | - | - |
| El Paso | 96°F | 35°F | 8.8 in | 2.8 in |
| Arlington | 96°F | 37°F | 36.2 in | - |
| Corpus Christi | 92°F | 47°F | 30.9 in | 0.3 in |
Pollution sites
70 Superfund sites and 1,950 toxic release facilities
Superfund sites
- Air Force Plant #4 (General Dynamics)Final NPL Site, Fort Worth
- Alcoa (Point Comfort)/Lavaca BayFinal NPL Site, Point Comfort
- Bandera Road Ground Water PlumeFinal NPL Site, San Antonio
- Brine Service CompanyFinal NPL Site, Corpus Christi
- Circle Court Ground Water PlumeFinal NPL Site, Willow Park
- City of Perryton Well no. 2Final NPL Site, Perryton
- Conroe Creosoting co.Final NPL Site, Conroe
- Crystal Chemical co.Final NPL Site, Houston
Largest toxic releases
- Midway Gas Plant73.3 million lbs, Crane
- Ascend Performance Materials-Chocolate Bayou Plant18.7 million lbs, Alvin
- Ineos Nitriles USA LLC Green Lake Plant14.8 million lbs, Port Lavaca
- TM Deer Park Services LP14.1 million lbs, Deer Park
- King Ranch Gas Plant9.2 million lbs, Kingsville
- US Ecology Texas Inc9.0 million lbs, Robstown
- Blanchard Refining Co LLC7.6 million lbs, Texas City
- Oak Grove Steam Electric Station3.1 million lbs, Franklin
Facilities in Texas reported 280.6 million lbs of toxic releases in 2024, 52.4 million lbs of it into the air.
Frequently asked questions
- What is the biggest natural hazard in Texas?
- By expected annual loss, tornado costs the most in Texas ($2.37B a year), according to FEMA's National Risk Index.
- How many storms hit Texas each year?
- NOAA recorded 134,917 storm events in Texas since 1996, about 4,352 a year. The most common type is hail.
- How many hurricanes have hit Texas?
- Texas has had 56 hurricane landfalls since 1851, including 19 major hurricanes of Category 3 or stronger.
- How many homes in Texas have flood insurance?
- 504,754 residential flood insurance policies are in force in Texas. Since 1978 the National Flood Insurance Program has paid $17.4B on 392,075 claims here.
- How many Superfund sites are in Texas?
- Texas has 70 Superfund sites on or deleted from EPA's National Priorities List.
Source: FEMA, NOAA, EPA · Last updated 08/01/2026 · Storm counts include events in forecast zones that touch each county. This product uses the FEMA OpenFEMA API, but is not endorsed by FEMA.